Low structure carbon black and method of making same
A carbon black having an I 2 number from 30 mg/g to 200 mg/g and a DBP from 20 cc/100 g to 40 cc/100 g.
1. A toner composition comprising at least a first carbon black, the first carbon black having an I 2 number from 30 mg/g to 200 mg/g, a DBP from 20 cc/100 g to 39 cc/100 g, an M-ratio of from 1 to less than 1.24, and a concentration of Group IA and IIA elements, in gg/g, of at most y+(15*I 2 number), wherein y is 250.
2. The toner composition of claim 1 , wherein the first carbon black is characterized by at least one of the following:
the carbon black has a water spreading pressure of at most 6 mJ/m 2 ,
the carbon black has a pH from 6 to 10,
the carbon black has a tint obeying the equation tint=x+0.44*I 2 number, where x is from 45 to 90, or
the carbon black has a tint of at least 80.
3. The toner composition of claim 2 , wherein the toner composition comprises a second carbon black.
4. The toner composition of claim 3 , wherein the second carbon black differs from the first carbon black in one or more of surface area, structure, primary particle size, alkali and/or alkaline earth concentration, pH, Spectronic 20 value, tint, or a surface concentration of oxygen-containing groups.
5. The toner composition of claim 3 , wherein the second carbon black is an oxidized carbon black, a heat treated carbon black, or a modified carbon black comprising an attached organic group.
6. The toner composition of claim 1 , wherein the first carbon black has an M-ratio of from 1 to less than 1.22.
7. A toner composition comprising at least a first carbon black, the first carbon black having an I 2 number from 30 mg/g to 200 mg/g, a DBP from 20 cc/100 g to 39 cc/100 g, and a concentration of Group IA and IIA elements, in μg/g, of at most y+(15*I 2 number), wherein y is 250.
8. The toner composition of claim 7 , wherein the first carbon black is characterized by at least one of the following:
the carbon black has a pH from 6 to 10,
the carbon black has an M-ratio of from 1 to less than 1.24,
the carbon black has a water spreading pressure of at most 6 mJ/m 2 ,
the carbon black has a tint obeying the equation tint=x+0.44*I 2 number, where x is from 45 to 90, or
the carbon black has a tint of at least 80.
9. The toner composition of claim 8 , wherein the toner composition comprises a second carbon black.
10. The toner composition of claim 9 , wherein the second carbon black differs from the first carbon black in one or more of surface area, structure, primary particle size, alkali and/or alkaline earth concentration, pH, Spectronic 20 value, tint, or a surface concentration of oxygen-containing groups.
11. The toner composition of claim 9 , wherein the second carbon black is an oxidized carbon black, a heat treated carbon black, or a modified carbon black comprising an attached organic group.
12. The toner composition of claim 8 , wherein the first carbon black has an M-ratio of from 1 to less than 1.22.
13. A toner composition comprising at least a first carbon black, the first carbon black having an I 2 number from 30 mg/g to 200 mg/g, a DBP from 20 cc/100 g to 39 cc/100 g, and an M-ratio of from 1 to less than 1.24.
14. The toner composition of claim 13 , wherein the first carbon black is characterized by at least one of the following:
the carbon black has a concentration of Group IA and IIA elements, in μg/g, of at most y+(15*I 2 number), wherein y is 250,
the carbon black has a pH from 6 to 10,
the carbon black has a water spreading pressure of at most 6 mJ/m 2 ,
the carbon black has a tint obeying the equation tint=x+0.44*I 2 number, where x is from 45 to 90, or
the carbon black has a tint of at least 80.
15. The toner composition of claim 14 , wherein the toner composition comprises a second carbon black.
16. The toner composition of claim 15 , wherein the second carbon black differs from the first carbon black in one or more of surface area, structure, primary particle size, alkali and/or alkaline earth concentration, pH, Spectronic 20 value, tint, or a surface concentration of oxygen-containing groups.
17. The toner composition of claim 16 , wherein the second carbon black is an oxidized carbon black, a heat treated carbon black, or a modified carbon black comprising an attached organic group.
18. The toner composition of claim 13 , wherein the first carbon black has a M-ratio of from 1 to less than 1.22.