Durable adsorbent material and adsorbent packs and method of making same
Provided herein are a parallel passage contractors, which may be useful in pressure swing adsorption (PSA), pressure and temperature swing adsorption (PTSA), or vacuum pressure swing adsorption (VPSA) systems, having one or more self-supported adsorbent sheets arranged in multiple, overlapping layers mechanically spaced to allow gas flow. Also provided are systems utilizing such parallel passage contactors and methods for preparing the contactors.
1. A system for pressure swing adsorption (PSA) or vacuum pressure swing adsorption (VPSA), comprising a parallel passage contactor structure comprising one or more self-supported adsorbent sheets arranged in multiple, overlapping layers mechanically spaced to allow gas flow between said layers from one end of the structure to the other, wherein said one or more adsorbent sheets are formed by a thermally induced phase separation process from a mixture comprising adsorbent particles selected from molecular sieves, activated alumina, zeolites, and activated carbon; and a polymer binder; wherein the adsorbent particles in said sheet are of one or more types and each type of adsorbent particles have a mean particle size of greater than 200 nm; wherein said binder comprises 0.5% to 5% by weight of the sheet.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent particles are of a single type and have a mean particle size of greater than 200 nm.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein said structure remains mechanically stable after 200,000 or 1,000,000 pressure swing cycles.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein said adsorbent sheets have substantially parallel ribs disposed on said one or more sheets, which mechanically space said layers to allow gas flow.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein said parallel contactor structure comprises a single spirally wound adsorbent sheet having substantially parallel ribs disposed on said sheet, wherein said ribs mechanically space said layers to allow gas flow.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein said binder comprises 0.5% to 4% by weight of said sheet.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein said binder comprises 0.5% to 3% by weight of said sheet.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein said binder comprises 0.5% to 2% by weight of said sheet.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein said binder comprises about 0.5% to 1% by weight of said sheet.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein said binder is a thermally induced phase separated polyethylene.
11. The system of claim 1 , wherein said binder is a thermally induced phase separated high-density polyethylene.
12. The system of claim 1 , wherein said binder is a thermally induced phase separated ultra high molecular weight polyethylene.
13. A parallel passage contactor structure configured for use in pressure swing adsorption (PSA) or vacuum pressure swing adsorption (VPSA), comprising one or more self-supported adsorbent sheets arranged in multiple, overlapping layers mechanically spaced to allow gas flow between said layers from one end of the structure to the other, wherein said one or more adsorbent sheets are formed by a thermally induced phase separation process from a mixture comprising adsorbent particles selected from molecular sieves, activated alumina, zeolites, and activated carbon, a polymer binder, and aramid or carbon reinforcement fibers, which have a mean length of no more than 500 um on their longest side; wherein said binder comprises 0.5% to 5% by weight of the sheet and said reinforcement fibers comprise 0.1% to 10% by weight of the sheet.
14. The parallel passage contactor structure of claim 13 , wherein said reinforcement fibers no more than about 5%, no more than about 2% or no more than about 1% by weight of the adsorbent sheet.
15. The parallel passage contactor structure of claim 13 , wherein said binder comprises from 0.5% to 2% by weight of said sheet.
16. The parallel passage contactor structure of claim 13 , wherein the adsorbent sheet has a decreased Gurley Densometer, Model 4340 automatic Gurley Densometer time by comparison to a structure without reinforcement fibers.
17. The parallel passage contactor of claim 13 , wherein said adsorbent sheets have substantially parallel ribs disposed on said one or more sheets, which mechanically space said layers to allow gas flow.
18. The parallel passage contactor of claim 13 , wherein said parallel contactor structure comprises a single spirally wound adsorbent sheet having substantially parallel ribs disposed on said sheet, wherein said ribs mechanically space said layers to allow gas flow.
19. The parallel passage contactor of claim 13 , wherein said contactor is up to 48 inches in height.
20. The parallel passage contactor of claim 13 , wherein the reinforcement fibers have a mean length of 10 um to 250 um on their longest side.
21. A system for pressure swing adsorption (PSA), comprising the parallel passage contactor of claim 13 .
22. The parallel passage contactor structure of claim 13 , wherein said binder is a thermally induced phase separated polyethylene.
23. The parallel passage contactor structure of claim 13 , wherein said binder is a thermally induced phase separated high-density polyethylene.
24. The parallel passage contactor structure of claim 13 , wherein said binder is a thermally induced phase separated ultra high molecular weight polyethylene.