Methods are provided for estimating the NO x content of exhaust gas produced by an internal combustion engine. The method includes determining one or more operating parameters. The method further includes applying the determined operating parameter(s) to a global NO x model. The global NO x model may be derived using a plurality of steady state data points relating to local NO x emission models. The steady state data points may be derived using a plurality of set and variable operating parameters. The global NO x model allows for prediction of the engine-out NO x content of exhaust gas in real time and without a NO x sensor, even if engine operating parameters change.
1. A method for controlling an aftertreatment device based on estimating an engine-out NO x content of exhaust gas produced by an internal combustion engine, without the need to determine cylinder pressure, the method comprising:
determining an engine speed and sending a signal indicative of the determined engine speed;
determining an engine load and sending a signal indicative of the determined engine load;
determining an intake oxygen level and sending a signal indicative of the determined intake oxygen level;
determining a fuel pressure and sending a signal indicative of the determined fuel pressure;
determining a fuel quantity and sending a signal indicative of the determined fuel quantity; and
sending each of the signals indicative of the determined engine speed, engine load, intake oxygen level, fuel pressure, and fuel quantity to a control unit which is programmed to receive and process each of the signals indicative of determined engine speed, engine load, intake oxygen level, fuel pressure, and fuel quantity using a NO x model which utilizes a linear relationship between the intake oxygen level and engine-out NOx for the signal indicative of predetermined engine speed, and which utilizes a linear relationship between the intake oxygen level and engine-out NOx for the signal indicative of engine load, and which utilizes a linear relationship between the intake oxygen level and engine-out NOx for the signal indicative of intake oxygen level, and which utilizes a linear relationship between the intake oxygen level and engine-out NOx for the signal indicative of fuel pressure, and which utilizes a linear relationship between the intake oxygen level and engine-out NOx for the signal indicative of fuel quantity to arrive at an estimate of the engine-out NO x content; and
controlling an aspect of the aftertreatment device based on the estimated engine-out NOx content.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the NO x model applied by the control unit is based at least in part on a map emission response surface model that is a function of engine speed and engine torque.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the NO x model applied by the control unit is based on a plurality of local NO x models that are generated using one or more set operating parameters and one or more variable operating parameters.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the one or more variable operating parameters include at least one of the following: a local intake oxygen level; a local fuel pressure; and a local fuel quantity.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the one or more set operating parameters include a constant engine speed and/or a constant engine torque.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the plurality of local NO x models are derived using the design of experiments method.