Tunable laser using III-V gain materials
View Patent ↗Disclosed herein are techniques, methods, structures and apparatus that provide a laser monolithically integrated in a silicon photonic integrated circuit (PIC) that is suitable for high-performance coherent fiber-optic telecommunications and other applications. Among the features of a laser according to the present disclosure, and in particular a hybrid InGaAsP/Si laser, is an integrated Si isolator to protect the laser from back reflections; optical, rather than electrical pumping; and coupling the optical pump using an InGaAsP grating coupler that acts simultaneously as a WDM coupler and laser mirror.
1. An optically pumped, III-V silicon laser comprising:
a laser element having a gain medium disposed within a laser cavity that generates laser light in response to pump light;
a grating coupler for coupling the pump light emitted by a pump laser to the laser element; and
a silicon optical isolator including a pair of phase modulators in tandem, wherein one of said pair of modulators is driven by a sine wave at frequency f, and the other modulator is driven by a cosine wave at frequency f, wherein the two phase modulators are separated by a waveguide propagation distance defined by v g /(4f) where v g is the optical group velocity in the waveguides;
wherein said grating coupler operates as a laser cavity mirror and pump coupler while simultaneously providing laser cavity gain at another wavelength.
2. The laser according to claim 1 wherein the grating coupler includes a first-order Bragg grating at an end opposite a laser output.
3. The laser according to claim 1 wherein the pump laser operates to pump a section of an erbium fiber amplifier.
4. The laser according to claim 1 which is not actively cooled during laser operation.
5. The laser according to claim 1 further comprising a silicon transceiver photonic integrated circuit to which the laser is coupled.
6. The laser according to claim 1 wherein the pump laser is configured to pump two or more lasers simultaneously.
7. The laser according to claim 1 further comprising a III-V waveguide that vertically couples the laser element to a silicon ring resonator.