Directional coupler
A directional coupler, comprising a first high-frequency line for feeding a first high-frequency signal, a second high-frequency line for feeding a second high-frequency signal, and a coupling line for outputting signals from the first and the second high-frequency lines, wherein the coupling line comprises resistive segments, each comprising a predetermined impedance. Coupling properties and resistive damping and adapting properties can be integrated in the coupling line. A compact and low-cost construction of the directional coupler is thus made possible.
1. A directional coupler comprising:
a first high-frequency line for carrying a first high-frequency signal,
a second high-frequency line for carrying a second high-frequency signal, and
a coupling line for coupling out signals from the first and the second high-frequency lines, wherein the coupling line has resistive segments that respectively have a predetermined impedance,
wherein the directional coupler has no discrete resistive components and is constructed as a layered multilayer circuit,
wherein the coupling line is implemented from printed conductive paths and has measurement connections for tapping the coupled-out signals, as well as one or a plurality of ground connections, wherein the conductive paths of the coupling line are arranged in a common plane and are formed from electrically conductive paste that is printed on a substrate,
wherein the coupling line includes a central segment for conducting coupled-out signals between the measurement connections, as well as additional resistive segments, which respectively originate with a first end at the central segment, lead away from this central segment, and are respectively connected with their second end to one of the ground connections, the central segment being located on a different layer plane of the multilayer circuit than a layer plane of the multilayer circuit having the first high-frequency line or the second high-frequency line,
wherein the resistive segments are formed from predetermined dimensions and/or a predetermined cross-section of a layer of the electrically conductive paste.
2. The directional coupler according to claim 1 , wherein the coupling line is equipped to couple out signals of a first frequency range from the first high-frequency line and signals of a second frequency range from the second high-frequency line.
3. The directional coupler according to claim 1 , wherein the resistive segments are arranged such that one or a plurality of resistive matching elements are formed for matching coupled-out signals.
4. The directional coupler according to claim 3 , wherein the matching elements are equipped to attenuate the coupled-out signals of at least one of the frequency ranges and/or to match the impedance of the directional coupler in at least one of the frequency ranges.
5. The directional coupler according to claim 3 , wherein the resistive matching elements are arranged in a PI form and form one or a plurality of PI elements for matching in one or a plurality of frequency ranges.
6. The directional coupler according to claim 1 in a mobile telephone.
7. The directional coupler according to claim 2 , wherein the resistive segments are arranged such that one or a plurality of resistive matching elements are formed for matching coupled-out signals.
8. The directional coupler according to claim 7 , wherein the matching elements are equipped to attenuate the coupled-out signals of at least one of the frequency ranges and/or to match the impedance of the directional coupler in at least one of the frequency ranges.
9. The directional coupler according to claim 8 , wherein the resistive matching elements are arranged in a PI form and form one or a plurality of PI elements for matching in one or a plurality of frequency ranges.
10. Directional coupler according to claim 1 ,
wherein the additional resistive segments are guided on both sides of the central segment and normal to the central segment, and
wherein at least three of the additional resistive segments are present on each of the two sides of the central segment and are running approximately parallel to each other.
11. Directional coupler according to claim 10 , wherein the additional resistive segments comprise a pi-form, wherein the middle ones of the resistive segments are directly connected to the ground connection, and the respective outer segments likewise make contact with ground potential via a web positioned on the outside.
12. Directional coupler according to claim 11 , wherein the web is fabricated from a material that is different than that of the coupling line.