Cooled cooling air system for a gas turbine
In an aircraft including a gas turbine engine having a compressor including a compressor booster, a turbine, and a nacelle, a system for cooling compressor discharge air provided to the turbine to cool the turbine includes a heat exchanger provided in a nacelle compartment of the gas turbine engine configured to cool the compressor discharge air by exchanging heat from the compressor discharge air to a cooling fluid; and a cooling fluid circuit configured to circulate cooling fluid through the heat exchanger and a heat sink, wherein the heat sink is at least one of an inlet of the nacelle compartment, an inlet of the compressor booster, or outlet guide vanes of the gas turbine engine.
1. A method of cooling a hot portion of a gas turbine engine of an aircraft having a compressor and a turbine, the method comprising:
bleeding air from a discharge region of a high pressure compressor of the compressor to form a flow of compressor discharge air;
circulating a cooling fluid and the compressor discharge air through a heat exchanger located inside a core cowl of a nacelle;
exchanging heat in the heat exchanger from the compressor discharge air to the cooling fluid to cool the compressor discharge air and change a phase of the cooling fluid from a liquid phase to a gaseous phase;
using a high temperature resistance surface of at least one of an inlet of the nacelle enclosing at least the compressor of the gas turbine engine, an internal fixed structure of the nacelle, an inlet of a low pressure compressor of the compressor, a nacelle external cowl, the core cowl that encloses the compressor and the turbine and includes an aft core cowl, a thrust reverser outer fixed structure, or outlet guide vanes to condense the gaseous phase of the cooling fluid to the liquid phase; and
pumping the condensed liquid phase of the cooling fluid to the heat exchanger during take-off of the aircraft, climb of the aircraft, and icing of a nacelle compartment inlet or a compressor booster inlet.
2. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising:
providing the cooled compressor discharge air to at least one of a high pressure turbine of the turbine, the high pressure compressor of the compressor, or a low pressure turbine of the turbine.
3. A method according to claim 2 , wherein the cooled compressor discharge air is provided to at least one of a disk of the high pressure turbine or blades of the high pressure turbine.
4. A method according to claim 2 , wherein the cooled compressor discharge air is provided to a rear cone or a disk of the high pressure compressor.
5. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising:
providing at least a portion of the cooling fluid heated by the heat exchanger to rotate a second turbine connected to an electrical generator.