ZSM-5, its preparation and use in ethylbenzene dealkylation
View Patent ↗A new configuration of ZSM-5 is provided whereby the crystals have a higher average silica to alumina ratio at the edges of each crystallite than in the center as determined from a narrow slit line scan profile obtained from SEM/EDX or TEM/EDX elemental analysis. Such ZSM-5 crystals are obtained by a preparation process using L-tartaric acid. The new configuration ZSM-5 provides significantly reduced xylene losses in ethylbenzene dealkylation, especially when combined with silica as binder, and one or more hydrogenation metals selected from platinum, tin, lead, silver, copper, and nickel.
1. An ethylbenzene dealkylation process, which process comprises: contacting, in the presence of hydrogen, a feedstock which comprises ethylbenzene with a catalyst composition, comprising ZSM-5 crystals, comprising a ZSM-5 crystallite having an average SAR at the edge of the crystallite and an average SAR at the centre of the crystallite, as determined via SEM/EDX or TEM/EDX elemental analysis, wherein the average SAR at the edge of the crystallite is higher than the average SAR at the centre of the crystallite.
2. An ethylbenzene dealkylation process as recited in claim 1 , wherein the ZSM-5 crystallite has a ratio of the average SAR at the edge of each crystallite to the average SAR at the centre of the crystallite is at least 1.15.
3. An ethylbenzene dealkylation process as recited in claim 1 , wherein the ratio is at most 3.
4. An ethylbenzene dealkylation process as recited in claim 1 , wherein the slope of a second order polynomial fitted to the SAR values between the two edge SAR maxima, expressed as −y′ 0 , is at least 2.
5. An ethylbenzene dealkylation process as recited in claim 1 , wherein the slope of a second order polynomial fitted to the SAR values between the two edge SAR maxima, expressed as −y′ 0 , is at most 6.
6. An ethylbenzene dealkylation process which comprises contacting, in the presence of hydrogen, a feedstock which comprises ethylbenzene with a catalyst composition, comprising: ZSM-5 crystals, comprising a ZSM-5 crystallite having an average SAR at the edge of the crystallite and an average SAR at the centre of the crystallite, as determined via SEM/EDX or TEM/EDX elemental analysis wherein the average SAR at the edge of the crystallite is higher than the average SAR at the centre of the crystallite; and a silica binder in an amount in the range of from 30 to 80 wt %, based on the total of ZSM-5.
7. An ethylbenzene dealkylation process as recited in claim 6 , wherein the catalyst composition further comprises a hydrogenation metal selected from the group consisting of platinum, tin, lead, silver, copper, and nickel.
8. An ethylbenzene dealkylation process as recited in claim 7 , wherein the total amount of ZSM-5 crystals present in the catalyst composition is in the range of from 20 to 50% based on the total carrier.
9. An ethylbenzene dealkylation process as recited in claim 8 , wherein the catalyst carrier has been subjected to a dealumination treatment with ammonium hexafluorosilicate.