Biosensor
A biosensor includes a flexible foil with an electrode layer positioned on the foil. An adhesive layer is positioned on the foil layer, and a first photo-definable hydrogel membrane is positioned over the electrode layer and the adhesive layer. A second photo-definable hydrogel membrane with an immobilized bio-recognition element is positioned over the first hydrogel membrane in contact with the electrode layer through an opening in the first hydrogel membrane.
1. A biosensor, comprising:
a flexible foil;
an electrode layer positioned on the flexible foil;
a first photo-definable hydrogel membrane arranged over the flexible foil and the electrode layer; and
a second photo-definable hydrogel membrane with an immobilized bio-recognition element positioned over and in contact with the electrode layer, wherein:
the second photo-definable hydrogel membrane is arranged partly on and in direct contact with the first photo-definable hydrogel membrane and partly on and in direct contact with the electrode layer; and
the second photo-definable hydrogel membrane contacts the electrode layer in a region where an opening in the first photo-definable hydrogel membrane exposes the electrode layer.
2. The biosensor according to claim 1 , further comprising an adhesive layer positioned over and in contact with the flexible foil and between a part of the first photo-definable hydrogel membrane and the flexible foil.
3. The biosensor according to claim 2 , wherein the adhesive layer comprises silane.
4. The biosensor according to claim 1 , wherein the bio-recognition element is an enzyme.
5. The biosensor according to claim 1 , wherein each of the first and second photo-definable hydrogel membranes respectively comprises at least one monomer or prepolymer.
6. The biosensor according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second photo-definable hydrogel membranes comprises at least one of oligomers and prepolymers.
7. The biosensor according to claim 6 , wherein the at least one of oligomers and prepolymers is selected from a group consisting of:
8. The biosensor according to claim 1 , wherein the adhesive layer on the flexible foil comprises an organosilane selected from among:
acrylate and methacrylate silanes;
cyclic azasilanes;
dipodal amines;
amine functional silanes; and
carboxylate silanes.
9. A biosensor, comprising:
a flexible foil;
an electrode layer positioned on the flexible foil;
a first photo-definable hydrogel layer arranged over the flexible foil and the electrode layer and having an opening through which a portion of the electrode layer is exposed; and
a second photo-definable hydrogel layer with an immobilized bio-recognition element positioned in the opening, over the electrode layer, and in contact with the electrode layer.
10. The biosensor of claim 9 , further comprising:
an adhesive layer positioned between and in contact with the flexible foil and the first photo-definable hydrogel layer.
11. The biosensor of claim 9 , wherein the opening in the first photo-definable hydrogel layer is one of a plurality of openings in the first photo-definable hydrogel layer through which respective portions of the electrode layer are exposed, and wherein the second photo-definable hydrogel layer is in contact with the electrode layer through fewer than all of the plurality of openings in the first photo-definable hydrogel layer.
12. The biosensor of claim 9 , wherein the flexible foil is a polymeric foil.
13. The biosensor of claim 9 , wherein the electrode layer is a layer of an electrically conductive polymer.
14. The biosensor of claim 9 , wherein the electrode layer comprises a titanium seed layer in contact with the foil layer and a gold layer positioned over the titanium seed layer.