Personal aircraft
A safe, quiet, easy to control, efficient, and compact aircraft configuration is enabled through the combination of multiple vertical lift rotors, tandem wings, and forward thrust propellers. The vertical lift rotors, in combination with a front and rear wing, permits a balancing of the center of lift with the center of gravity for both vertical and horizontal flight. This wing and multiple rotor system has the ability to tolerate a relatively large variation of the payload weight for hover, transition, or cruise flight while also providing vertical thrust redundancy. The propulsion system uses multiple lift rotors and forward thrust propellers of a small enough size to be shielded from potential blade strike and provide increased perceived and real safety to the passengers. Using multiple independent rotors provides redundancy and the elimination of single point failure modes that can make the vehicle non-operable in flight.
1. An aircraft comprising:
a fuselage;
a forward wing coupled to the fuselage and located forward of a center of gravity;
an aft wing coupled to the fuselage and located aft of the center of gravity;
a first plurality of lift rotors located between the forward wing and the aft wing on a port side of the fuselage, at least one of the first plurality having a first cant and at least one of the plurality having a second cant, the second cant having an angle different from the first cant;
a second plurality of lift rotors located between the forward wing and the aft wing on a starboard side of the fuselage, at least one of the second plurality having a third cant and at least one of the plurality having a fourth cant, the fourth cant having an angle different from the third cant;
a propeller coupled to the fuselage for providing forward thrust; and
a flight computer, coupled to the fuselage, and configured to independently control an amount of thrust provided by each of the first plurality and each of the second plurality of lift rotors according to a difference between a current orientation of the personal aircraft and a desired orientation of the personal aircraft.
2. The personal aircraft of claim 1 wherein the first plurality of lift rotors includes at least 4 rotors and the second plurality of lift rotors includes at least 4 rotors.
3. The personal aircraft of claim 1 wherein the flight computer is further adapted to adjust the amount of thrust provided by the lift rotors to compensate for a rotor failure.
4. The personal aircraft of claim 1 , wherein the flight computer further comprises:
a position sensor interface, adapted to receive sensor data that indicates the aircraft's position, altitude, attitude and velocity; and
a rotor control module, coupled to the position sensor interface, adapted to determine an amount of thrust required from each of the plurality of rotors to achieve the desired orientation and to command independently each of the plurality of motors to produce the determined required thrust.
5. The personal aircraft of claim 4 wherein the flight computer further comprises:
a propeller control module coupled to the position sensor interface, adapted to determine an amount of forward thrust required from each propeller and to command the propellers to produce the required thrust.
6. The flight computer of claim 4 further comprising:
a database including programmed trajectories for ascent and descent of the aircraft.
7. The personal aircraft of claim 1 wherein the port propulsion boom and the starboard propulsion boom are each coupled to the fuselage by a plurality of struts.
8. The aircraft of claim 1 wherein the aft wing includes winglet features.
9. The aircraft of claim 8 wherein the winglets are oriented substantially in an upward vertical direction.
10. The aircraft of claim 8 wherein the winglets are oriented substantially in a downward vertical direction.
11. The aircraft of claim 1 wherein the lift rotors are driven by electric motors.
12. The aircraft of claim 1 wherein the forward and aft wings are not coplanar.
13. The aircraft of claim 1 wherein the wings are foldable.
14. The aircraft of claim 1 wherein the flight computer includes an autopilot adapted to control the aircraft in an unmanned configuration.
15. A method for flying a VTOL aircraft, the method comprising:
providing the aircraft of claim 1 ;
producing using the first and second plurality of rotors a vertical thrust to cause the aircraft to ascend; and
producing forward thrust to the aircraft using the propeller.
16. The method of claim 15 further comprising:
transitioning the aircraft from vertical to forward flight by reducing the vertical thrust produced by the rotors while increasing the forward thrust produced by the propeller.