Top-tensioned riser system
A top-tensioned riser (TTR) is supported by a tensioning system on the deck of a floating platform. The tension ring may include an elastomeric layer which permits small angular and lateral displacements of the tension joint. The tension joint comprises a tapered section to resist the bending moment and shear imposed by the vessel's motion. The riser tension joint may be supported laterally by rollers below the tension ring. The rollers react on the tapered section when the riser strokes up and down. The tapered section may be engineered to maximize the use of the tension joint, and to reduce bending moment and shear loads imposed on the tensioning system. In certain embodiments, there may be a small gap between the rollers and the tapered section. In certain other embodiments, the rollers may be spring-loaded to increase the stability of surface equipment on the upper terminus of the riser.
1. A top-tensioned riser system comprising:
a subsea riser having a tension joint on a upper portion thereof, at least a portion of the tension joint having a tapered outer diameter;
a riser tensioner connected at a first end to an upper portion of the tension joint and configured for attachment to a deck structure of an offshore platform at a second, opposing end;
at least two rollers proximate the outer surface of a lower portion of the tension joint such that lateral motion of the lower portion of the tension joint causes the portion of the tension joint having a tapered outer diameter to bear against at least one roller,
wherein the rollers are mounted on roller support arms configured for attachment to the deck structure of the offshore platform such that they extend radially toward the riser tension joint from the platform deck structure and are biased by a resilient element that comprises a coil spring towards the riser tension joint.
2. The top-tensioned riser system of claim 1 wherein the rollers comprise an elastomer.
3. The top-tensioned riser system of claim 1 wherein the rollers comprise polyurethane.
4. The top-tensioned riser system of claim 1 wherein the riser tensioner is a push-up tensioner.
5. The top-tensioned riser system of claim 1 further comprising:
a tension ring having a central axial opening through which the tension joint passes and comprising
a first upper metal section;
a second lower metal section; and,
an intermediate elastomer section between the upper section and the lower section.
6. A top-tensioned riser system comprising:
a subsea riser having a tension joint on a upper portion thereof, at least a portion of the tension joint having a tapered outer diameter;
a riser tensioner connected at a first end to an upper portion of the tension joint and configured for attachment to a deck structure of an offshore platform at a second, opposing end;
at least two rollers proximate the outer surface of a lower portion of the tension joint such that lateral motion of the lower portion of the tension joint causes the portion of the tension joint having a tapered outer diameter to bear against at least one roller,
wherein the rollers are mounted on roller support arms configured for attachment to the deck structure of the offshore platform such that they extend radially toward the riser tension joint from the platform deck structure and are biased by a resilient element that comprises a Belleville spring towards the riser tension joint.
7. The top-tensioned riser system of claim 6 wherein the resilient element comprises a plurality of stacked Belleville springs.
8. A top-tensioned riser system comprising:
a subsea riser having a tension joint on a upper portion thereof, at least a portion of the tension joint having a tapered outer diameter;
a riser tensioner connected at a first end to an upper portion of the tension joint and configured for attachment to a deck structure of an offshore platform at a second, opposing end;
at least two rollers proximate the outer surface of a lower portion of the tension joint such that lateral motion of the lower portion of the tension joint causes the portion of the tension joint having a tapered outer diameter to bear against at least one roller,
wherein the rollers are mounted on roller support arms configured for attachment to the deck structure of the offshore platform such that they extend radially toward the riser tension joint from the platform deck structure and are biased by a resilient element that comprises an elastomer towards the riser tension joint.
9. The top-tensioned riser system of claim 8 wherein the elastomer is rubber.