Minimally invasive visualization systems
A tissue electrode assembly includes a membrane configured to form an expandable, conformable body that is deployable in a patient. The assembly further includes a flexible circuit positioned on a surface of the membrane and comprising at least one base substrate layer, at least one insulating layer and at least one planar conducting layer. An electrically-conductive electrode covers at least a portion of the flexible circuit and a portion of the surface of the membrane not covered by the flexible circuit, wherein the electrically-conductive electrode is foldable upon itself with the membrane to a delivery conformation having a diameter suitable for minimally-invasive delivery of the assembly to the patient.
1. A minimally invasive visualization catheter configured to visualize a target location in a patient's body, comprising:
a guidewire lumen extending proximally through the catheter;
an inflatable membrane with a closed distal end and with a plurality of ablation electrodes thereon;
an inflation lumen extending proximally through the catheter and having a distal end within the closed inflatable membrane, the closed inflatable membrane being in fluid communication with the inflation lumen, the inflation lumen co-axial with the guidewire lumen;
an outer catheter shaft co-axial with the inflation lumen and the guidewire lumen; and
an integrated visualization assembly disposed within the inflatable membrane, extending around the guidewire lumen and co-axial with the guidewire lumen, the integrated visualization assembly including
a plurality of illumination generators radially fixed relative to the guidewire lumen and distributed around a longitudinal axis of the guidewire lumen, and
a plurality of cameras, each providing a field of view and each comprising an optic and a sensor, each of the plurality of cameras radially fixed relative to the guidewire lumen and distributed around the longitudinal axis of the guidewire lumen
wherein the guidewire lumen is secured to a distal end of the closed inflatable membrane and axially movable relative to the outer catheter shaft such that axial movement of the guidewire lumen moves the distal end of the closed inflatable membrane.
2. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of cameras has a fixed field of view.
3. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the closed inflatable membrane has a plurality of holes therein configured to allow the fluid to pass through the holes.
4. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of cameras is disposed adjacent to at least one of the plurality of illumination generators.
5. The catheter of claim 1 wherein the plurality of illumination generators are light emitting diodes.
6. The catheter of claim 1 wherein the closed inflatable membrane is configured to have a toroidal shape when inflated.