Broadband aircraft wingtip antenna system
An isotropic antenna system internally mounted in the outermost portion of an aircraft wing and in the elevated winglet or similar vertical member of an aircraft wing. The antenna includes a shaped dielectric substrate including a horizontally oriented section located in the horizontally oriented member of the aircraft wing, a vertically oriented section located in the vertically oriented member of the aircraft wing, a first antenna element on the top surface of the dielectric substrate in the vertically oriented member of the aircraft wing, a second antenna element on the top surface and the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate, an antenna feed point coupled to the first antenna element and to the second antenna element, and a Radio Frequency (RF) energy guide coupled to the second antenna element. When the antenna is implemented and installed it does not substantially alter the appearance or aerodynamic characteristics of the aircraft.
1. An aircraft wing antenna system of an aircraft wing including a horizontally oriented member and a vertically oriented member, the antenna system comprising:
a. a shaped dielectric substrate including a horizontally oriented section located in the horizontally oriented member of the aircraft wing, a vertically oriented section located in the vertically oriented member of the aircraft wing, a first surface and a second surface;
b. a first antenna element on the first surface of the dielectric substrate in the vertically oriented member of the aircraft wing, the first antenna element having a first end and a second end;
c. a second antenna element on the first surface and the second surface of the dielectric substrate, the second antenna element having a first end and a second end;
d. an antenna feed comprising a conductive via hole coupled to the first end of the first antenna element and to the second end of the second antenna element;
e. a Radio Frequency (RF) energy guide coupled to the second end of the second antenna element; and
f. a feed balun comprising an upper trace and a lower trace, the upper trace coupled via the RF energy guide to the second antenna element and the lower trace coupled through the conductive via hole to the first antenna element.
2. The antenna system of claim 1 wherein the upper trace of the feed balun is located between a first outer antenna leg and a second outer antenna leg of the second antenna element, the first outer antenna leg and the second outer antenna leg being parallel with the upper trace, the upper trace being coupled to the first outer antenna leg and to the second outer antenna leg with a common bar.
3. The antenna system of claim 2 wherein the RF energy guide is a coaxial feedline.
4. The antenna system of claim 3 further wherein the feed couples the first antenna element to the lower trace of the feed balun.
5. The antenna system of claim 3 wherein the coaxial feedline includes a centerline conductor and a shield, wherein the coaxial feedline is coupled to the upper trace of the feed balun and the shield is coupled to the lower trace of the feed balun.
6. The antenna system of claim 1 wherein the dielectric substrate is generally rectangularly shaped.
7. The antenna system of claim 1 wherein the dielectric substrate is generally of a curved shape.