Current sensor for monitoring a wayside signal lamp for a positive train system
View Patent ↗A sensor for monitoring the current flowing in a wire of a circuit is provided. The sensor includes a variable inductance contactless current detector to sense the current flowing in the wire, serially connected to an internal power source and a resistor to form a voltage divider circuit. The sensor also includes a voltage detector to monitor the voltage level across the resistor and generate an output signal. A system is also provided.
1. A current sensor, complying with Positive Train Control requirements, for monitoring the current flowing in a wire of a circuit, the current sensor comprising:
a variable inductance contactless current detector to sense the current flowing in the wire, the variable inductance contactless current detector being a magnetic core, provided with a primary winding and a secondary winding, the secondary winding being made by said wire, the magnetic core being designed to switch from a non-saturate state to a saturate state when the current flowing in the wire moves above a predefined threshold;
an internal power source connected to the primary winding;
a resistor connected between one terminal of the internal power source and the corresponding terminal of the primary winding, the magnetic core acting as a variable inductance and the resistor, connected in series, forming a voltage divider circuit supplied by the internal power source;
a voltage detector to monitor the voltage level across the resistor and generate an output signal, such that when the current flowing in the wire is above the predefined threshold, the magnetic core is in a saturated state and the output signal is ON, and when the current flowing in the wire is below the fixed threshold, the magnetic core is in a non-saturated state and the output signal is OFF;
a housing provided with a passage going through said magnetic core and connecting a first face of the housing with a second face of the housing, opposite the first face, said passage receiving said wire in order the current sensor to monitor the current in said wire.
2. The current sensor of claim 1 , wherein the output signal is between 0 and 3.4 V, when the monitored current is between 0 and 0.5 A and between 9 and 16.5 V DC, when the monitored current (I) is above 1.3 A.
3. The current sensor of claim 1 , wherein the internal power source is intended to be connected to an external power source supplying 12 V DC to the current sensor.
4. The current sensor of claim 1 , wherein the current sensor is a fail-safe device.
5. A system comprising:
a wayside circuit;
a wayside lamp;
a wire to connect the wayside circuit to the wayside lamp; and
a current sensor according to claim 1 to monitor the current in said wire, for reporting the status of the wayside lamp and capable of monitoring the current drawn by the wayside lamp.
6. The current sensor of claim 1 , wherein the passage extents between two through holes provided on the first and second faces of the housing, and is realized by a tubular sheath, whose ends are maintained in said through holes.
7. The current sensor of claim 6 , wherein the passage is made of a paper-based material that is lighter than metal but denser and stronger.
8. The current sensor of claim 1 , wherein the voltage detector is made of passive components, selected to defined said fixed threshold.