METHODS FOR TREATING OR PREVENTING RADIOCONTRAST AGENT INDUCED KIDNEY INJURY
Methods for treating or preventing radiocontrast agent induced kidney injury in a mammal are disclosed, the methods comprising administering to the mammal a first effective amount of a chalcogenide composition prior to administering a radiocontrast agent to the mammal.
1 . A method for treating or preventing radiocontrast agent induced kidney injury in a mammal comprising administering to the mammal a stable aqueous pharmaceutical composition comprising a first effective amount of HS − and deoxygenated water prior to administering a radiocontrast agent to the mammal.
2 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising administering a second effective amount of HS − to the mammal during administration of the radiocontrast agent to the mammal.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the HS − is made by dissolving in water a chalcogenide selected from H 2 S, Na 2 S, NaHS, K 2 S, KHS, Rb 2 S, CS 2 S, (NH 4 ) 2 S, (NH 4 )HS, BeS, MgS, CaS, SrS, BaS, H 2 Se, Na 2 Se, NaHSe, K 2 Se, KHSe, Rb 2 Se, CS 2 Se, (NH 4 ) 2 Se, (NH 4 )HSe, BeSe, MgSe, CaSe, SrSe, PoSe, BaSe, or, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
4 . The method of claim 3 , wherein the HS − is made by dissolving NaHS in water.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the stable aqueous pharmaceutical composition comprises the HS − and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents and excipients.
6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the first administration is a bolus injection, and, wherein the second administration is an intravenous infusion.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the radiocontrast agent is administered before or during kidney diagnostic imaging.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the radiocontrast agent is administered before or during heart blood vessel diagnostic imaging.
9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the radiocontrast agent is an iodinated radiocontrast agent.
10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the mammal is human.
11 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the mammal has a pre-existing impairment of renal function prior to administration of the radiocontrast agent.
12 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the human has a baseline creatinine level greater than or equal to 120 μmol/L, a glomerular filtration rate of less than 60 mL/min per 1.73 m 2 or a creatinine clearance of less than 60 mL/min.
13 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the human has one of more conditions selected from the group consisting of type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, congestive heart failure, an intraarterial balloon pump, anemia, a systolic blood pressure of less than 80 mm Hg, an age greater than 50 years, a glomerular filtration rate of less than 60 mL/min per 1.73 m 2 and reduced intravascular volume.
14 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the radiocontrast agent induced kidney injury is radiocontrast agent induced nephropathy or acute renal dysfunction.
15 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the deoxygenated water has an O 2 content ≦5 μM.
16 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the first and/or second effective amounts of HS − are administered at a concentration in the range of 1 mM to 250 mM, or 10 mM to 200 mM.
17 . The method of claim 1 , including adjusting the stable aqueous pharmaceutical composition to a pH in the range of 6.5-8.5, 7.0-9.0, 7.5-8.5, 7.4-9.0, or, 7.5-8.0 by adding HCl or NaOH to the composition.
18 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the stable aqueous pharmaceutical composition further comprises one or more oxidation products selected from the group consisting of polysulfide, sulfite, sulfate and thiosulfate.
19 . The method of claim 18 , wherein said stable aqueous pharmaceutical compositions comprise polysulfide in the range of 0-1.0%, sulfite in the range of 0-1.0%, sulfate in the range of 0-1.0%, and, thiosulfate in the range of 0-1.0%.
20 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said composition has an osmolarity in the range of 250-330 mOsmol/L.
21 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the mammal is contacted with the pharmaceutical composition before or after the kidney injury.
22 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said composition is near isotonic.