Bird deterrent glass coatings
View Patent ↗This invention pertains to UV-absorbing coatings that may optionally be covered with an anti-reflective layer and that are applied to exterior-facing surfaces such as a window or other glass surface that are transparent or translucent. Such coatings are visible to various species of birds, but are generally transparent to humans. The UV absorbing coatings have a silane- or silane-derived chromophore or a combination of a silane- or siloxane-based material and a chromophore, which chromophores absorb UV light at about 300 to about 400 nm. More particularly, the silane- or siloxane-based chromophore is 2-hydroxy-4-(3-triethoxysilylpropoxy)diphenylketone or a derivative thereof.
1. A method of preventing birds from colliding with a substrate, comprising:
applying a coating to at least a portion of a transparent substrate, wherein the coating comprises at least one of:
(a) a silane- or siloxane-based chromophore capable of forming stable bonds with a substrate, absorbing light at about 300 nm to about 400 nm and remaining transparent to humans, wherein the silane- or siloxane-based chromophore is chosen from hydroxyl diphenylketone or a derivative thereof; and
(b) a composition comprising a silane and/or a siloxane and a chromophore, wherein the silane and/or siloxane is capable of forming stable bonds with a substrate, and the chromophore is capable of absorbing light at about 300 nm to about 400 nm, and
applying an anti-reflective layer on an exterior facing surface of the coating,
wherein the coating having a chromophore is perceived as opaque by a bird but is perceived as transparent to humans.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the coating is applied to at least a portion of the substrate by spraying, dip coating, or film- or resin-coating techniques.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the anti-reflective layer is a transparent membrane.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the anti-reflective layer is attached to the coating by at least one of an adhesive bead, a strip, a tape, foam, a sealant, and a chemical bond.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a glass substrate and/or a window, and the coating is applied to the exterior-facing surface of the substrate.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the silane- or siloxane-based chromophore is 2-hydroxy-4-(3-triethyoxysilylpropoxy)diphenylketone or a derivative thereof.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the silane- or siloxane-based chromophore absorbs light at about 325 nm to about 400 nm.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the silane- or siloxane-based chromophore is selected from the group consisting of a hydrolysate of 2-hydroxy-4-(3-triethoxysilylpropoxy)diphenylketone, a co-hydrolysate of 2-hydroxy-4-(3-triethoxysilylpropoxy)diphenylketone with at least one other alkoxysilane, O-4-methylcoumarinyl-N-[3-(triethoxysilyl)propylcarbamate], 3-(2,4-dinitrophenylamino)propyltriethoxysilane, 7-triethoxysilylpropoxy-5-hydroxyflavone, N-triethoxysilylpropyl-O-quinineurethane and derivatives and combinations thereof.
9. A coated substrate made by the method according to claim 1 .
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the chromophore is capable of absorbing light at about 325 nm to about 400 nm but does not absorb light in a range visually perceived by humans.
11. A method of preventing birds from colliding with a substrate, comprising
applying a coating to at least a portion of a transparent or translucent substrate,
wherein the coating comprises a silane- or siloxane-based chromophore capable of forming stable bonds with a substrate, and absorbing light at about 300 nm to about 400 nm, and
wherein the silane- or siloxane-based chromophore is chosen from a hydrolysate of 2-hydroxy-4-(3-triethoxysilylpropoxy)diphenylketone, a co-hydrolysate of 2-hydroxy-4-(3-triethoxysilylpropoxy)diphenylketone with at least one other alkoxysilane, O-4-methylcoumarinyl-N-[3-(triethoxysilyl)propylcarbamate], 3-(2,4-dinitrophenylamino)propyltriethoxysilane, 7-triethoxysilylpropoxy-5-hydroxyflavone, N-triethoxysilylpropyl-O-quinineurethane and derivatives and combinations thereof, wherein the coating having a chromophore is perceived as opaque by a bird but is perceived as transparent to humans.
12. The method according to claim 11 , further comprising applying an anti-reflective layer on an exterior facing surface of the coating.
13. A coated substrate made by the method according to claim 11 .
14. A method of preventing birds from colliding with a substrate, comprising:
applying a coating to at least a portion of a substrate, wherein the coating comprises at least one of:
(a) a silane- or siloxane-based chromophore capable of forming stable bonds with a substrate, and absorbing light only at about 300 nm to about 400 nm, wherein the silane- or siloxane-based chromophore is chosen from hydroxyl diphenylketone or a derivative thereof; and
(b) a composition comprising a silane and/or a siloxane and a chromophore, wherein the silane and/or siloxane is capable of forming stable bonds with a substrate, and the chromophore is capable of absorbing light at about 300 nm to about 400 nm,
wherein the coating having a chromophore is perceived as opaque by a bird but is perceived as transparent to humans.
15. The method according to claim 14 , further comprising applying an anti-reflective layer on an exterior facing surface of the coating.
16. A coated substrate made by the method of claim 14 .
17. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the chromophore is capable of absorbing light at about 325 nm to about 400 nm.
18. A method of preventing birds from colliding with a substrate, comprising:
applying a coating to at least a portion of a substrate, wherein the coating comprises at least one of:
(a) a silane- or siloxane-based chromophore capable of forming stable bonds with a substrate, and absorbing light at about 300 nm to about 400 nm, wherein the silane- or siloxane-based chromophore is chosen from hydroxyl diphenylketone or a derivative thereof; and
(b) a composition comprising a silane and/or a siloxane and a chromophore, wherein the silane and/or siloxane is capable of forming stable bonds with a substrate, and the chromophore is capable of absorbing light at about 300 nm to about 400 nm, and
applying an anti-reflective layer on an exterior facing surface of the coating,
wherein the coating having a chromophore is perceived as opaque by a bird but is perceived as transparent to humans.
19. A coated substrate made by the method of claim 18 .
20. A method of preventing birds from colliding with a substrate, comprising:
applying a coating to at least a portion of a substrate wherein the coating comprises at least one of:
(a) a silane- or siloxane-based chromophore capable of forming stable bonds with a substrate, and absorbing UV light, wherein the silane- or siloxane-based chromophore is chosen from hydroxyl diphenylketone or a derivative thereof; and
(b) a composition comprising a silane and/or a siloxane and a chromophore, wherein the silane and/or siloxane is capable of forming stable bonds with a substrate, and the chromophore is capable of absorbing UV light, and
applying an anti-reflective layer on an exterior facing surface of the coating,
wherein the coating having a chromophore is perceived as opaque by a bird but is perceived as transparent to humans.
21. A coated substrate made by the method of claim 20 .
22. The method according to claim 20 , wherein the chromophore is capable of absorbing light at about 300 nm to about 400 nm.
23. The method according to claim 21 , wherein the chromophore is capable of absorbing light at about 325 nm to about 400 nm.