FUEL CELL, METHOD FOR PRODUCING FUEL CELL, ELECTRONIC APPARATUS, NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE-IMMOBILIZED ELECTRODE, NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE-IMMOBILIZED CARRIER, ENZYME REACTION UTILIZATION DEVICE, PROTEIN-IMMOBILIZED ELECTRODE AND PROTEIN-IMMOBILIZED CARRIER
Provided is a fuel cell capable of preventing elution of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and/or a derivative thereof immobilized on an electrode, and capable of preventing performance degradation due to elution, and a method for manufacturing the fuel cell. A biofuel cell having a structure in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode face each other via a proton conductor, the biofuel cell configured so that an enzyme is used to extract electrons from a fuel, wherein the negative electrode is configured from an electrode including carbon and/or an inorganic compound having pores with a size of 2 nm or more and 100 nm or less on the surface, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and/or a derivative thereof being immobilized on the carbon and/or the inorganic compound. A carbon particle, a carbon sheet, or carbon fiber is used as the carbon.
1 . A fuel cell comprising:
a positive electrode;
a negative electrode; and
a proton conductor provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode,
wherein the negative electrode is configured of an electrode which includes carbon and/or an inorganic compound having pores with a size of 2 nm or more to 100 nm or less on the surface, and in which nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and/or a derivative thereof are immobilized on the carbon and/or the inorganic compound.
2 . The fuel cell according to claim 1 ,
wherein the carbon and/or the inorganic compound further have pores with a size of 0.5 nm or more and less than 2 nm on the surface.
3 . The fuel cell according to claim 2 ,
wherein the carbon and/or the inorganic compound have pores with a size of 0.5 nm or more and less than 2 nm and pores with a size of 4 nm or more and 20 nm or less on the surface.
4 . The fuel cell according to claim 3 ,
wherein the carbon includes at least one selected from the group consisting of carbon particles, carbon sheets and carbon fibers.
5 . The fuel cell according to claim 4 ,
wherein the carbon particles include at least one selected from the group consisting of activated carbon, carbon black and biocarbon.
6 . The fuel cell according to claim 5 ,
wherein the electrode is formed of fibrous carbon.
7 . The fuel cell according to claim 6 ,
wherein an enzyme is further immobilized on the carbon and/or the inorganic compound and the fuel cell includes the enzyme and the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and/or the derivative.
8 . The fuel cell according to claim 7 ,
wherein the fuel cell includes a compound for enzyme immobilization having a portion to be bonded to the carbon and/or the inorganic compound and a portion to be bonded to the enzyme.
9 . The fuel cell according to claim 8 ,
wherein the compound for enzyme immobilization is at least one selected from the group consisting of molecules including biotin molecules, fluorescein and chirality and polycyclic aromatic compounds.
10 . The fuel cell according to claim 8 ,
wherein the compound for enzyme immobilization is a pyrene derivative.
11 . The fuel cell according to claim 8 ,
wherein the enzyme is bonded to the carbon and/or the inorganic compound via the compound for enzyme immobilization.
12 . The fuel cell according to claim 8 ,
wherein the compound for enzyme immobilization is bonded to the carbon and/or the inorganic compound inside the pore.
13 . The fuel cell according to claim 7 ,
wherein the enzyme is NAD + /NADH-dependent glucose dehydrogenase and diaphorase.
14 . The fuel cell according to claim 1 ,
wherein the inorganic compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of oxides, nitrides, carbides, surfides, surfates, phosphates and chlorides.
15 . An electronic apparatus comprising:
one or a plurality of fuel cells,
wherein at least one fuel cell includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a proton conductor provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and
the negative electrode is configured of an electrode which includes carbon and/or an inorganic compound having pores with a size of 2 nm or more to 100 nm or less on the surface, and in which nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and/or a derivative thereof are immobilized on the carbon and/or the inorganic compound.
16 . The electronic apparatus according to claim 15 ,
wherein the carbon and/or the inorganic compound further have pores with a size of 0.5 nm or more and less than 2 nm on the surface.
17 . The electronic apparatus according to claim 16 ,
wherein the carbon and/or the inorganic compound have pores with a size of 0.5 nm or more and less than 2 nm and pores with a size of 4 nm or more and 20 nm or less on the surface.
18 . A nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-immobilized electrode that is configured of an electrode including carbon and/or an inorganic compound having pores with a size of 2 nm or more and 100 nm or less on the surface in which nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and/or a derivative are immobilized on the carbon and/or the inorganic compound.
19 . The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-immobilized electrode according to claim 18 ,
wherein the carbon and/or the inorganic compound further have pores with a size of 0.5 nm or more and less than 2 nm on the surface.
20 . The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-immobilized electrode according to claim 19 ,
wherein a charge or at least a functional group having reactivity is given to the carbon and/or the inorganic compound.