Heat treatment for strengthening glasses
A method of making a strengthened glass article. The method includes altering the glass structure and subsequently creating a compressive layer extending from the surface of the glass to a depth of layer. In some embodiments, the structure is altered by heat treating the glass at a temperature that is less than the annealing point of the glass, and the compressive layer is formed by ion exchange. A strengthened glass article made by the method is also provided.
1. A method of making a glass article, the glass article having a surface that is under a compressive stress and comprising an alkali aluminosilicate glass or an alkali aluminoborosilicate glass, wherein the alkali aluminosilicate glass or the alkali aluminoborosilicate glass comprises at least one of Na 2 O and K 2 O, and from about 2 mol % to about 12 mol % P 2 O 5 , the method comprising:
a. heating the glass article at a first temperature for a time period of less than 4 hours and greater than or equal to 0.5 hours, wherein the glass article has an annealing point and a fictive temperature that is greater than the annealing point, and wherein the first temperature is less than the annealing point; and
b. ion exchanging the heated glass article in a molten salt bath comprising at least about 90 wt % KNO 3 and from about 0.2 wt % to about 10 wt % NaNO 3 at a second temperature to achieve a compressive stress layer extending from the surface to a depth of layer and a compressive stress maximum at the surface, wherein the first temperature is greater than the second temperature.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first temperature is in a range from about 25° C. to about 100° C. below the annealing point of the glass article.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first temperature is between the annealing point and the 10 17 poise temperature of the glass article.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compressive stress is at least 800 MPa.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the step of ion exchanging the glass article comprises ion exchanging the glass article at a temperature that is greater than about 410° C.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising down-drawing the glass article.
7. A method of strengthening an alkali aluminosilicate glass or an alkali aluminoborosilicate glass, wherein the alkali aluminosilicate glass or the alkali aluminoborosilicate glass comprises at least one of Na 2 O and K 2 O, and from about 2 mol % to about 12 mol % P 2 O 5 , and wherein the alkali aluminosilicate glass or the alkali aluminoborosilicate glass has an annealing point and a fictive temperature that is greater than the annealing point, the method comprising:
a. heating the alkali aluminosilicate glass or the alkali aluminoborosilicate glass at a first temperature that is less than the annealing point for a time period of less than 4 hours and greater than or equal to 0.5 hours to at least partially restructure a surface of the alkali aluminosilicate glass or the alkali aluminoborosilicate glass; and
b. creating a compressive stress layer extending from the surface to a depth of layer and a compressive stress maximum at the surface after restructuring the surface, wherein the step of creating the compressive stress comprises ion exchanging the alkali aluminosilicate glass or the alkali aluminoborosilicate glass in a molten salt bath comprising at least about 90 wt % KNO 3 and from about 0.2 wt % to about 10 wt % NaNO 3 at a second temperature to a depth of layer extending from a surface of the alkali aluminosilicate glass or the alkali aluminoborosilicate glass.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the first temperature is in a range from about 25° C. to about 100° C. below the annealing point.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the second temperature is less than the first temperature.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the second temperature is greater than about 410° C. and less than the first temperature.
11. The method of claim 7 , wherein the first temperature is between the annealing point and 10 17 poise temperature of the glass.
12. The method of claim 7 , wherein the compressive stress is at least 800 MPa.
13. The method of claim 7 , wherein the glass is down-drawn.