Reduced ceramic heating element
An electrical heating element is provided, including a main body, the main body including a ceramic material and an electrically conductive path on a surface of the main body. The electrically conductive path includes a reduced form of the ceramic material, and has first and second contact portions for connection to a voltage source, and at least one electrically conductive pathway between the first and second contact portions. To form the electrically conductive path, the heating element main body is placed in a reducing environment at sufficient temperature to form the conductive path on the surface of the main body.
1. An electrical heating element, comprising:
a main body comprising a ceramic material and an electrically conductive path formed on or in the main body, the electrically conductive path comprising
a reduced form of the ceramic material, and
first and second contact portions configured to connect to a voltage source,
wherein the main body is configured to removably pierce an aerosol-forming substrate, and
wherein the electrically conductive path forms a pattern on a surface of the main body.
2. The electrical heating element according to claim 1 , wherein the main body is formed fully or partially from a metal oxide, and the conductive path is formed from a metal component of the metal oxide.
3. The electrical heating element according to claim 1 , wherein the main body is formed from Zirconia and the conductive path is formed from Zirconium.
4. The electrical heating element according to claim 1 , wherein the main body has a substantially circular cross-section.
5. The electrical heating element according to claim 1 , wherein the main body has an elongate form with the first and second contact portions positioned at a first end of the main body, and the electrically conductive path extends to and from a second end of the main body.
6. The electrical heating element according to claim 1 , further comprising a passivation layer on an external surface of the main body.
7. An electrically heated aerosol generating system for receiving an aerosol-forming substrate, comprising one or more heating elements according to claim 1 , and the voltage source being coupled to the one or more heating elements at the first and second contact portions.
8. A method of manufacturing an electrical heating element, comprising:
forming a heating element main body comprising a ceramic material and being configured to removably pierce an aerosol-forming substrate;
forming an electrically conductive path on the heating element main body by placing the heating element main body in a reducing environment at an elevated temperature, the electrically conductive path comprising a reduced form of the ceramic material and being formed in a pattern on a surface of the heating element main body; and
providing electrical contact portions electrically connected to said conductive path and being configured to connect to a voltage source.
9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the placing the heating element main body in the reducing environment comprises placing the heating element main body in a hydrogen environment or a carbon dioxide environment.
10. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the elevated temperature is between about 1000° C. and 1300° C.
11. The method according to claim 8 , further comprising forming a passivation layer on the heating element main body subsequent to the placing the heating element main body in the reducing environment.
12. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the forming the heating element main body comprises injection moulding.
13. A method of manufacturing an electrical heating element, comprising:
forming a heating element main body comprising a ceramic material and being configured to removably pierce an aerosol-forming substrate;
forming an electrically conductive path on the heating element main body by placing the heating element main body in a reducing electrolyte and performing an electro-chemical reduction of the heating element main body, the electrically conductive path comprising a reduced form of the ceramic material and being formed in a pattern on a surface of the heating element main body; and
providing electrical contact portions electrically connected to said conductive path and being configured to connect to a voltage source.
14. The electrical heating element according to claim 1 , wherein the main body has a V-shaped configuration comprising two separated portions joined at a tip end, the two separated portions having back ends respectively contacting the first and second contact portions, and the tip end being a base of the V-shaped configuration.
15. The electrical heating element according to claim 1 , wherein the pattern defines an electrically conductive pathway on said surface between the first and second contact portions.
16. The electrical heating element according to claim 1 , wherein the pattern defines a plurality of electrically conductive pathways on said surface between the first and second contact portions.
17. The electrical heating element according to claim 14 , further comprising an insulation layer disposed between said back ends and the voltage source.
18. The method according to claim 9 , wherein
the forming the electrically conductive path on the heating element main body further comprises placing the heating element main body in the reducing environment for at least one hour, and
the elevated temperature is greater than 200° C.
19. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the reducing electrolyte is calcium chloride.