Constant-voltage and constant-current buck converter and control circuit
A control circuit is provided for a buck converter that includes at least an inductor coupled to an output of the buck converter. The control circuit includes a power switch configured for coupling to a line voltage and configured for charging the inductor, an input line voltage sampling circuit, and a constant-voltage (CV) and constant-current (CC) control module coupled to the power switch. During a charging period of the inductor, the CV and CC control module is configured to control the power switch to provide a constant output current by maintaining a constant peak inductor current, even when the input line voltage changes. During a discharging period of the inductor, the CV and CC control module is configured to monitor the sensed output voltage to control the power switch to provide a constant output voltage.
1. A control circuit for a buck converter, the buck converter including at least an inductor coupled to an output of the buck converter, the control circuit comprises:
a power switch configured for coupling to a line voltage and configured for charging the inductor;
an input line voltage sampling circuit; and
a constant-voltage (CV) and constant-current (CC) control module coupled to the power switch, wherein the CV and CC control module is configured to:
during a charging period of the inductor, control the power switch to provide a constant output current by maintaining a constant peak inductor current in response to a signal from the input line voltage sampling circuit when the input line voltage changes; and
during a discharging period of the inductor, to monitor the sensed output voltage to control the power switch to provide a constant output voltage;
wherein the CV and CC control module is configured to turn off the power switch when an inductor charging current reaches a peak current reference voltage that reflects changes in the input line voltage;
wherein the CV and CC control module further comprises an input line voltage compensation circuit that is configured to receive a sampled input line voltage from the input line voltage sampling circuit and a sampled converter output voltage to determine the peak current reference voltage that reflects changes in the input line voltage.
2. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the CV and CC control module is configured to provide constant output voltage using pulse-width-modulation (PWM) to control the power switch turn-on time based on sampled output voltage.
3. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the CV and CC control module is configured to provide constant output current using pulse-frequency-modulation (PFM) to control the power switch turn-off time after the discharge of the inductor.
4. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the CV and CC control module is configured to maintain a triangular charging and discharging inductor current waveform, wherein when the discharge is finished, the power switch is turned on to start charging.
5. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the input line voltage compensation circuit is configured to determine the peak current reference voltage based on a weighted sum of the sampled input line voltage and the sampled converter output voltage.
6. A control circuit for a buck converter, the buck converter including at least an inductor coupled to an output of the buck converter, the control circuit comprises:
a power switch configured for coupling to a line voltage and configured for charging the inductor;
an input line voltage sampling circuit; and
a constant-voltage (CV) and constant-current (CC) control module coupled to the power switch, wherein the CV and CC control module is configured to:
during a charging period of the inductor, control the power switch to provide a constant output current by maintaining a constant peak inductor current in response to a signal from the input line voltage sampling circuit when the input line voltage changes; and
during a discharging period of the inductor, to monitor the sensed output voltage to control the power switch to provide a constant output voltage;
wherein the input line voltage sampling circuit comprises a first sampling resistor and a first switch, wherein:
a first end of the first sampling resistor is connected to a ground terminal through the first switch, the first switch is connected to the CV and CC control module to receive a control signal that also controls the turn-on and turn-off of the power switch; and
a second end of the first sampling resistor is connected to an output voltage detecting terminal.
7. A non-isolated buck converter comprising the control circuit of claim 1 , the bulk converter further comprising:
an inductor coupled to the control circuit and to an output of the buck converter;
a rectifying device coupled to the inductor; and
a capacitor coupled to the output of the buck converter;
wherein the control circuit is configured for coupling to a line voltage;
wherein the output of the bulk converter is coupled to the line voltage either at a ground terminal or a power terminal.
8. A buck converter switch mode power supply (SMPS), comprising:
input terminals for coupling to an input line voltage;
output terminals for coupling to a load device, wherein at least one of the output terminals is coupled to either a ground terminal or a power terminal of the input line voltage;
an inductor coupled to one of the output terminals;
a rectifying device coupled to the inductor;
a capacitor coupled to the output terminals; and
a control circuit including:
a power switch configured for coupling to a line voltage and configured for charging the inductor;
an input line voltage sampling circuit; and
a constant-voltage (CV) and constant-current (CC) control module coupled to the power switch, wherein the CV and CC control module is configured to:
during a charging period of the inductor, control the power switch to provide a constant output current by maintaining a constant peak inductor current in response to a signal from the input line voltage sampling circuit when the input line voltage changes; and
during a discharging period of the inductor, to monitor the sensed output voltage to control the power switch to provide a constant output voltage;
wherein the control circuit further comprises an output terminal coupled to the power switch and configured for coupling to the inductor through a first resistor, wherein the output terminal is located between the power switch and the first resistor, and the first resistor is located between the output terminal and the inductor.
9. The buck converter of claim 8 , wherein the CV and CC control module is configured to provide constant output voltage using pulse-width-modulation (PWM) to control the power switch turn-on time based on sampled output voltage.
10. The buck converter of claim 8 , wherein the CV and CC control module is configured to provide constant output current using pulse-frequency-modulation (PFM) to control the power switch turn-off time after the discharge of the inductor.
11. The buck converter of claim 8 , wherein the CV and CC control module is configured to determine a peak current reference voltage that reflects changes in the input line voltage, and to turn off the power switch when an inductor charging current reaches the peak current reference voltage.
12. The buck converter of claim 8 , wherein the input line voltage sampling circuit comprises a first sampling resistor and a first switch, wherein:
a first end of the first sampling resistor is connected to a ground terminal through the first switch, the first switch is connected to the CV and CC control module to receive a control signal that also controls the turn-on and turn-off of the power switch; and
a second end of the first sampling resistor is connected to an output voltage detecting terminal.
13. The buck converter of claim 8 , wherein the control circuit further comprises a ground terminal configured for coupling to the inductor and the first resistor, wherein the ground terminal is coupled to a node between the inductor and the first resistor.
14. The buck converter of claim 8 , wherein the control circuit further comprises an input terminal for receiving the sensed output voltage through a voltage divider directly connected to the output of the buck converter, the voltage divider including a second resistor and a third resistor.
15. The buck converter of claim 14 , wherein the second resistor and the third resistor are included in a single integrated circuit (IC) chip as the control circuit.
16. The buck converter of claim 14 , further comprising diode coupled between an output terminal of the converter and the second resistor.
17. The buck converter of claim 8 , wherein the control circuit further comprises a power terminal (VCC) for receiving operating power, said power terminal is coupled to a center tap point of the inductor for reducing the voltage at the VCC terminal.