Quenching system
A quencher for a flow cell battery is described. The quencher utilizes a quench solution formed from FeCl 2 in a dilute HCl solution in order to quench chlorine emissions from the flow cell battery. A quench sensor is further described. The quench sensor monitors the concentration level of FeCl 2 in the quench solution and may also monitor the level of the quench solution in the quencher.
1. A flow cell battery, comprising
a cell coupled to electrolyte tanks;
a rebalance cell coupled to receive emissions from one of the electrolyte tanks;
a quencher coupled to receive gaseous emissions from the rebalance cell, the quencher including:
a quench solution that removes Cl 2 from the gaseous emissions from the rebalance cell, and
a quench sensor including a double walled tubing.
2. The flow cell battery of claim 1 , wherein the quench solution includes FeCl 2 , and Cl 2 interacts with the quench solution through a reaction given by
2FeCl 2 +Cl 2 --->2FeCl 3 .
3. The flow cell battery of claim 2 , wherein iron filings are provided to the quench solution to restore FeCl 2 in the quench solution through a reaction given by
Fe+2FeCl 3 --->3FeCl 2 .
4. The flow cell battery of claim 1 , wherein the quench solution further includes CrCl 3 .
5. The flow cell battery of claim 1 , wherein the quench solution, before any quenching has begun, includes 1.5 M FeCl 2 , 0.2M CrCl 3 , and 0.1 M HCl.
6. The flow cell battery of claim 1 , wherein the quench sensor includes a first light source and a corresponding first detector.
7. The flow cell battery of claim 6 , wherein the first light source emits light including an FeCl 2 absorption peak wavelength, and the first light source and the corresponding first detector are positioned such that the FeCl 2 absorption peak detected through the quench solution is measured.
8. The flow cell battery of claim 7 , wherein a signal generated by the measured FeCl 2 absorption peak is compared to a threshold voltage value to determine if an FeCl 2 concentration is lower than a predetermined concentration.
9. The flow cell battery of claim 6 , wherein the quench solution further includes a second light source and a corresponding second detector, and wherein the second light source emits light including a CrCl 3 absorption peak wavelength, and the second light source and the corresponding second detector are positioned such that after quenching has begun, the CrCl 3 absorption peak detected through a volume of the quench solution is measured.
10. The flow cell battery of claim 9 , wherein the measured CrCl 3 absorption peak provides an indication that the quench solution has risen over a predetermined threshold value.
11. The flow cell battery of claim 1 , wherein the quench solution is exchanged with an electrolyte from the electrolyte tank.
12. The flow cell battery of claim 9 , wherein the double walled tubing includes an open-ended inner volume and a sealed outer volume, and wherein the quench sensor is positioned such that before any quenching has begun, the first light source and the corresponding first detector are positioned in the sealed outer volume below a quench solution level, and the second light source and the corresponding second detector are positioned in the sealed outer volume and at a predetermined threshold level above the quench solution level.