Solvent addition and removal in the hydrogenation of catmint oil
View Patent ↗Disclosed are methods for treating catmint oil. The treated catmint oil can be used for the production of hydrogenated catmint oil, which is enriched in the insect repellent, dihydronepetalactone, and from which formulated products may be prepared.
1. A process for preparing hydrogenated catmint oil comprising:
(a) distilling crude catmint oil to produce (i) a distillate fraction comprising volatile components driven off from the beginning amount of crude catmint oil, and (ii) a pot fraction; and
(b) contacting the pot fraction of step (a) with hydrogen and a hydrogenation catalyst to produce hydrogenated catmint oil;
wherein one or both of steps (a) and (b) are conducted in the presence of a solvent.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the distillation of step (a) is conducted in the presence of a solvent.
3. The process of claim 1 wherein the hydrogenation of step (b) is conducted in the presence of a solvent.
4. The process of claim 1 wherein the distillation of step (a) and the hydrogenation of step (b) are both conducted in the presence of a solvent.
5. The process of claim 1 wherein solvent is added to the pot fraction produced by step (a) before it is hydrogenated in step (b).
6. The process of claim 1 wherein solvent is present in the hydrogenated catmint oil produced in step (b), and the process further comprises a step of removing solvent from the hydrogenated catmint oil produced in step (b).
7. The process of claim 6 further comprising a step of recycling removed solvent to the distillation of step (a) and/or the hydrogenation of step (b).
8. The process of claim 1 wherein the hydrogenation of step (b) is conducted in the presence of solvent; is conducted in a plurality of steps, reactor zones or reactors; and solvent is removed between one step, zone or reactor and the next succeeding step, zone or reactor.
9. The process of claim 8 further comprising a step of recycling removed solvent to the distillation of step (a) and/or the hydrogenation of step (b).
10. The process of claim 1 further comprising a step of incorporating the hydrogenated catmint oil produced in step (b) into a formulated product for application to the skin, hide, hair, fur or feathers of a human or domesticated animal.
11. A process for preparing a product formulated from a hydrogenated catmint oil, comprising:
(a) distilling a beginning amount of crude catmint oil to produce (i) a distillate fraction comprising volatile components driven off from the beginning amount of crude catmint oil, and (ii) a pot fraction;
(b) contacting the pot fraction of step (a) with hydrogen and a hydrogenation catalyst to produce hydrogenated catmint oil; and
(c) incorporating the hydrogenated catmint oil produced in step (b) into a formulated product for application to the skin, hide, hair, fur or feathers of a human or domesticated animal;
wherein the distillation of step (a) and/or the hydrogenation of step (b) is conducted in the presence of a solvent.
12. The process of claim 11 further comprising a step of incorporating a solvent into the formulated product.
13. The process of claim 12 wherein the incorporation of solvent into the formulated product comprises a step of adding solvent to the distillation that occurs during step (a).
14. The process of claim 12 wherein the incorporation of solvent into the formulated product comprises a step of adding solvent to the hydrogenation that occurs during step (b).
15. The process of claim 13 wherein the incorporation of solvent into the formulated product comprises a step of adding solvent to the hydrogenated catmint oil that is obtained as the product of step (b).
16. The process of claim 12 wherein the incorporation of solvent into the formulated product comprises any two of, or all three of, the steps of (i) adding solvent to the distillation that occurs in step (a), (ii) adding solvent to the hydrogenation that occurs during step (b), and (ii) adding solvent to the hydrogenated catmint oil that is obtained as the product of step (b).
17. The process of claim 16 wherein the same solvent is used in all steps.
18. The process of claim 11 wherein the hydrogenation of step (b) is conducted in a plurality of steps, reactor zones or reactors, and the hydrogenation is conducted in the presence of solvent in some but not all, or in all, of the steps, zones or reactors.
19. The process of claim 12 wherein the hydrogenation of step (b) is conducted in a plurality of steps, reactor zones or reactors, and the incorporation of solvent into the formulated product comprises a step of adding solvent to the hydrogenation that occurs in some but not all, or in all, of the steps, zones or reactors.