IP Library Granted Patent US 9,176,405
Granted Patent B2
US 9,176,405 · App. 14/057,251 · Granted Nov 3, 2015

Polymeric composite materials, manufacture, and uses

Inventors: Mridula Nair (Penfield, NY); Joseph Salvatore Sedita (Albion, NY); Peter David Rollinson (Rochester, NY)
Assignee: EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY
G03G9/0825C08J3/20C09D11/54G03G9/08G03G9/081G03G9/087G03G9/0819G03G9/0821G03G9/08797G03G9/093G03G9/09385
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Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 9,176,405
App. No.
14/057,251
Granted
Nov 3, 2015
Kind
B2
Abstract

Composite materials such as composite particles have a solid non-elastomeric continuous phase made of an organic polymer having a glass transition temperature of at least 25° C. Dispersed within this solid non-elastomeric continuous phase are many multi-compartment porous chemically crosslinked elastomeric particles that have a mode particle size of at least 1 μm and up to and including 10 μm. The composite particles can be used as toner particles in electrophotographic imaging methods to provide fused toner images and especially stacked fused toner images.

Claims (15)

1. A composite material comprising a solid non-elastomeric continuous phase comprising an organic polymer having a glass transition temperature of at least 40° C. and up to and including 120° C. as measured using differential scanning calorimetry at a scanning rate of 20° C./minute, and having dispersed within the solid non-elastomeric continuous phase, a plurality of multi-compartment porous chemically crosslinked elastomeric particles that have a mode particle size of at least 1 μm and up to and including 10 μm,

wherein the organic polymer comprises a polyester, styrene-acrylic copolymer, cellulosic polymer, polyamide, polyimide, vinyl ester polymer, mono-olefin polymer, vinyl ether polymer, vinyl ketone polymer, or a polymer formed from one or more α-methylene aliphatic mono-carboxylic acid esters.

2. The composite material of claim 1 that is a composite particle comprising the solid non-elastomeric continuous phase comprising the organic polymer and an external particle surface, the composite particle having a mode particle size of at least 10 μm to and including 100 μm, and having dispersed within the solid non-elastomeric continuous phase, the plurality of multi-compartment porous chemically crosslinked elastomeric particles.

3. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of its loss modulus to its storage modulus at 90° C. is at least 10% less than the ratio of the loss modulus to the storage modulus at 90° C. of the organic polymer that contains none of the multi-compartment porous chemically crosslinked elastomeric particles.

4. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein its fracture resistance at 20° C. is at least 10% greater than the fracture resistance of the organic polymer that contains none of the multi-compartment porous chemically crosslinked elastomeric particles.

5. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the multi-compartment porous chemically crosslinked elastomeric particles are present in an amount of at least 3 weight % and up to and including 25 weight % of the total composite material weight.

6. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the organic polymer comprises a polyester, styrene-acrylic copolymer, cellulosic polymer, polyamide, or polyimide.

7. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the multi-compartment porous chemically crosslinked elastomeric particles have a mode particle size of at least 2 μm and up to and including 8 μm, and comprise a plurality of discrete compartments that are isolated from each other and dispersed within a chemically-crosslinked organic solid phase, and the plurality of discrete compartments have an average size greater than or equal to 100 nm.

8. The composite material of claim 2 , wherein the composite particle further comprises flow additive particles, a surface treatment agent, spacing treatment agent particles, or a combination thereof, on its outer surface.

9. The composite material of claim 1 , further comprising a colorant.

10. The composite material of claim 9 , wherein the colorant is present only in the solid non-elastomeric continuous phase.

11. The composite material of claim 2 , wherein the composite particle further comprises a colorant in at least some of the multi-compartment porous chemically crosslinked elastomeric particles.

12. The composite material of claim 2 , wherein the composite particle further comprises a colorant in at least some compartments of the multi-compartment porous chemically crosslinked elastomeric particles.

13. The composite material of claim 1 , further comprising a colorant in at least some compartments of the multi-compartment porous chemically crosslinked elastomeric particles.

14. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the organic polymer comprises a polyester.

Assignments (11)
NOTICE OF SECURITY INTERESTS Recorded Mar 4, 2021
From: EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY
To: BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS AGENT
Reel/Frame 056984/0001 →
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY SECURITY AGREEMENT Recorded Mar 4, 2021
From: EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY
To: ALTER DOMUS (US) LLC
Reel/Frame 056734/0233 →
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY SECURITY AGREEMENT Recorded Mar 4, 2021
From: EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY
To: ALTER DOMUS (US) LLC
Reel/Frame 056734/0001 →
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY SECURITY AGREEMENT Recorded Mar 4, 2021
From: EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY
To: ALTER DOMUS (US) LLC
Reel/Frame 056733/0681 →
RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Jan 24, 2020
From: BARCLAYS BANK PLC
To: EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY; FAR EAST DEVELOPMENT LTD.; FPC INC.; KODAK (NEAR EAST) INC.; KODAK AMERICAS LTD.; KODAK REALTY INC.; LASER PACIFIC MEDIA CORPORATION; QUALEX INC.; KODAK PHILIPPINES LTD.; NPEC INC.
Reel/Frame 052773/0001 →
RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Jul 30, 2019
From: JP MORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT
To: EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY; FAR EAST DEVELOPMENT LTD.; PFC, INC.; KODAK (NEAR EAST), INC.; KODAK AMERICAS, LTD.; KODAK IMAGING NETWORK, INC.; KODAK PORTUGUESA LIMITED; KODAK REALTY, INC.; LASER PACIFIC MEDIA CORPORATION; PAKON, INC.; QUALEX, INC.; KODAK PHILIPPINES, LTD.; NPEC, INC.; CREO MANUFACTURING AMERICA LLC; KODAK AVIATION LEASING LLC
Reel/Frame 049901/0001 →
RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Jul 22, 2019
From: JP MORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT
To: EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY; FAR EAST DEVELOPMENT LTD.; FPC, INC.; KODAK (NEAR EAST), INC.; KODAK AMERICAS, LTD.; KODAK IMAGING NETWORK, INC.; KODAK PORTUGUESA LIMITED; KODAK REALTY, INC.; LASER PACIFIC MEDIA CORPORATION; PAKON, INC.; QUALEX, INC.; KODAK PHILIPPINES, LTD.; NPEC, INC.; CREO MANUFACTURING AMERICA LLC; KODAK AVIATION LEASING LLC
Reel/Frame 050239/0001 →
SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Mar 28, 2014
From: EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY; FAR EAST DEVELOPMENT LTD.; FPC INC.; KODAK (NEAR EAST), INC.; KODAK AMERICAS, LTD.; KODAK IMAGING NETWORK, INC.; KODAK PORTUGUESA LIMITED; KODAK REALTY, INC.; LASER-PACIFIC MEDIA CORPORATION; QUALEX INC.; KODAK PHILIPPINES, LTD.; NPEC INC.; KODAK AVIATION LEASING LLC
To: BARCLAYS BANK PLC, AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT
Reel/Frame 032553/0398 →
SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Mar 28, 2014
From: EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY; FAR EAST DEVELOPMENT LTD.; FPC INC.; KODAK (NEAR EAST), INC.; KODAK AMERICAS, LTD.; KODAK IMAGING NETWORK, INC.; KODAK PORTUGUESA LIMITED; KODAK REALTY, INC.; LASER-PACIFIC MEDIA CORPORATION; QUALEX INC.; KODAK PHILIPPINES, LTD.; NPEC INC.; KODAK AVIATION LEASING LLC
To: BANK OF AMERICA N.A., AS AGENT
Reel/Frame 032553/0152 →
SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Mar 28, 2014
From: EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY; FAR EAST DEVELOPMENT LTD.; FPC INC.; KODAK (NEAR EAST). INC.; KODAK AMERICAS, LTD.; KODAK IMAGING NETWORK, INC.; KODAK PORTUGUESA LIMITED; KODAK REALTY, INC.; LASER-PACIFIC MEDIA CORPORATION; QUALEX INC.; KODAK PHILIPPINES, LTD.; NPEC INC.; KODAK AVIATION LEASING LLC
To: JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A. AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT
Reel/Frame 032552/0741 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Oct 18, 2013
From: NAIR, MRIDULA; SEDITA, JOSEPH SALVATORE; ROLLINSON, PETER DAVID
To: EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY
Reel/Frame 031433/0465 →
Continuity (1)
Related Publication 20150111144A1 · Apr 23, 2015