Localized wave generation via modal decomposition of a pulse by a wave launcher

1. A method for a waveguide to emit two or more modes of propagating waves for observation of a localized wave peak at a predetermined distance from an aperture end of the waveguide, the method comprising:

selecting one or more amplitude and/or phase shift settings based at least in part on the predetermined distance from the aperture end of the waveguide; and

exciting two or more modes via modal decomposition of a pulse in the waveguide, based at least in part on the selected one or more amplitude and/or phase shift settings.

2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining the predetermined distance to peak prior to selecting the amplitude and/or the phase shift settings.

3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising generating the pulse prior to exciting the two or more modes to synthesize a desired aperture field to produce the localized wave peak at the predetermined distance.

4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising observing the peak at the predetermined distance based at least in part on a combination of the two or more modes radiated from the aperture end.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein exciting two or more modes comprises exciting two or more antennas in the waveguide, wherein each of the two or more antennas is arranged to emit energy associated with at least one of the modes or superposition of modes of the propagating waves when excited by the modal decomposition of the pulse.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein exciting two or more modes comprises adjusting one or more amplitude and/or phase shift of at least one of the modes of the propagating waves with two or more dielectric tuning elements affixed to the waveguide.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein exciting two or more modes comprises exciting two or more modes of the propagating waves with a corrugated section in the waveguide.

8. A method to observe a localized wave peak at a predetermined distance from an aperture end of a waveguide, the method comprising:

identifying the predetermined distance from the aperture end of the waveguide to the localized wave peak;

adjusting one or more amplitude and/or phase shift settings based at least in part on the predetermined distance from the aperture end of the waveguide;

generating a pulse to synthesize a desired aperture field to produce the localized wave peak at the predetermined distance;

exciting two or more modes of propagating waves via modal decomposition of the pulse in the waveguide based at least in part on the adjusted one or more amplitude and/or phase shift settings; and

observing the localized wave peak at the predetermined distance based at least in part on a combination of the two or more modes of propagating waves radiated from the aperture end of the waveguide when excited by the modal decomposition of the pulse.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein determining the predetermined distance comprises:

identifying the predetermined distance from the aperture end of the waveguide to the localized wave peak using algorithms based on one of theoretical formations and numerical simulations.

10. The method of claim 8 , wherein determining the predetermined distance further comprises:

identifying the predetermined distance from the aperture end of the waveguide to the localized wave peak using previous results measurements of a corresponding pulse distribution at one or more distances from the aperture end of the waveguide to the localized wave peak as a guide.

11. The method of claim 8 , wherein exciting two or more modes of propagating waves via modal decomposition of the pulse in the waveguide comprises:

exciting two or more antennas positioned in the waveguide, wherein each of the two or more antennas is positioned within the waveguide at a different distance from the aperture end and arranged such that each of the two or more antennas is capable of emitting a different mode or a different superposition of modes of propagating waves from the aperture end of the waveguide when excited by the modal decomposition of the pulse.

12. The method of claim 11 , wherein exciting two or more modes of propagating waves via modal decomposition of the pulse in the waveguide further comprises at least one of:

dividing the pulse among the two or more antennas;

modifying one or more of a power and an amplitude of the pulse among the two or more antennas; and

modifying one or more of a phase shift and a time delay of the pulse among the two or more antennas.

13. The method of claim 11 , wherein each of the two or more antennas is arranged to emit energy associated with at least one of the modes or superposition of modes of the propagating waves when excited by the modal decomposition of the pulse.

14. The method of claim 8 , wherein exciting two or more modes of propagating waves via modal decomposition of the pulse in the waveguide further comprises:

adjusting one or more of an amplitude and/or phase shift of at least one of the modes of the propagating waves with two or more dielectric tuning elements affixed to the waveguide.

15. The method of claim 8 , wherein observing the localized wave peak at the predetermined distance comprises:

observing the localized wave peak at the predetermined distance by one of: physically observing results measurements and placing one or more sensors at a location of the localized wave peak to observe a presence and an intensity of the localized wave.

16. The method of claim 8 , wherein the two or more modes of propagating waves are one of Transverse Electric (TE) modes, Transverse Magnetic (TM) modes, and Transverse Electromagnetic (TEM) modes.

17. A method to excite two or more modes of propagating waves via modal decomposition of a pulse in a waveguide, the method comprising:

generating the pulse at a pulse generator, wherein the pulse generator is coupled to a power divider;

receiving the pulse at the power divider, wherein the power divider comprises two or more pairs of amplitude adjustors and phase shifters and is coupled to a plurality of antennas positioned in the waveguide; and

dividing the pulse among two or more of the plurality of antennas positioned in the waveguide to excite the two or more modes of propagating waves in the waveguide.

18. The method of claim 17 , further comprising:

modifying one or more of a power and an amplitude of the pulse among the two or more of the plurality of antennas through the amplitude adjustors to further excite the two or more modes of propagating waves in the waveguide.

19. The method of claim 17 , further comprising:

modifying one or more of a phase shift and a time delay of the pulse among the two or more of the plurality of antennas through the phase shifters to further excite the two or more modes of propagating waves in the waveguide.

20. The method of claim 17 , further comprising:

adjusting one or more of an amplitude and/or phase shift of at least one of the modes of the propagating waves with two or more dielectric tuning elements affixed to the waveguide to further excite the two or more modes of propagating waves in the waveguide.