Use of Glutamide Stabilizers
Fluids are provided which resist phase separation by inclusion of a stabilizing amount of a glutamic acid derivative in the presence of ethanol. The fluids comprise an aqueous discontinuous phase, a silicone oil containing continuous phase, a glutamic acid derivative such as dibutyl ethylhexanoyl glutamide, and ethanol. The fluids may be prepared without heating to solubilize the glutamic acid derivative
1 . A stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion comprising a continuous phase having, as the major component, a silicone oil, a discontinuous phase comprising water, and an amount of a glutamide compound sufficient to stabilize the discontinuous phase in the continuous phase such that the phases do not separate for at least two weeks of storage at 25° C., wherein the glutamide compound has the structure according to formula (I):
wherein, R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each independently selected from propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl or nonyl alkyl groups.
2 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein R 1 is a pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl or nonyl alkyl group and R 2 and R 3 are independently straight chain alkyl groups having from three to six carbon atoms.
3 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein R 2 and R 3 are each n-butyl groups.
4 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein R 1 is 1-ethylpentyl.
5 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to claim 4 , wherein said glutamide compound has the structure of formula (II)
6 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein said emulsion comprises said glutamide compound according to formula (II) in an amount of from about 0.005% to about 3.0% by weight.
7 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to claim 6 , wherein said emulsion comprises said glutamide compound according to formula (II) in an amount of from about 0.02% to about 0.5% by weight.
8 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to claim 7 , wherein said emulsion is stable for at least two weeks at 110° F.
9 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to claim 6 , wherein said silicone oil comprises a volatile silicone oil in an amount from about 20% to about 99% by weight of the emulsion and said water comprises from about 1% to about 50% by weight of the emulsion.
10 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to claim 9 , wherein said silicone oil comprises a silicone fluid having a vapor pressure above about 0.01 mmHg at 20° C.
11 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to claim 6 , wherein said silicone oil is selected from the group comprising cyclomethicone tetramer, cyclomethicone pentamer, cyclomethicone hexamer, trisiloxane, methyl trimethicone, or combinations thereof.
12 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to claim 9 , further comprising from about 1% to about 25% by weight ethanol.
13 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to claim 12 , wherein said silicone fluid comprises cyclomethicone pentamer in an amount from about 30% to about 80% by weight of the emulsion, said water comprises from about 10% to about 45% by weight of the emulsion, and said ethanol comprises from about 5% to about 15% by weight of the emulsion.
14 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to claim 1 , further comprising an emulsifier in an amount of less than about 1% by weight of the emulsion.
15 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to claim 14 , wherein said emulsifier comprises an organosiloxane polymer having side chains comprising -(EO) m — and/or —(PO) n — groups, where the sum of n and m is about 50 or less, the side chains being terminated with hydrogen or C 1-8 alkyl groups.
16 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to claim 15 , wherein said emulsifier comprises PEG-10-dimethicone.
17 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to claim 1 , further comprising a water-soluble film former.
18 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to claim 17 , wherein the water soluble film former is a quaternium or polyquaternium.
19 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to claim 1 , further comprising a silicone-based hydrophobic film former.
20 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to claim 1 , further comprising a hydrophobically surface-modified oxide selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, tin dioxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide and combinations thereof.