Cantilevered wing wall
The present invention relates generally to precast cantilevered retaining walls and methods of using and forming precast cantilevered retaining walls. More specifically, the present invention relates to a cantilevered concrete retaining wall having a base shear key and blockouts for receiving a material that substantially impedes the wing wall from sliding or other inadvertent movement, to a method of retaining a soil embankment with a cantilevered concrete retaining wall, and to a method of manufacturing a precast concrete cantilevered retaining wall.
1. A method of retaining a soil embankment, comprising:
providing a cantilevered wing wall having a stem of a predetermined height, a predetermined thickness, and a predetermined length;
a footing interconnected to the stem, the footing extending laterally from a front face of the stem to form a toe and the footing extending laterally from a back face of the stem to form a heel;
a base shear key extending downwardly a predetermined depth from a substantially horizontal plane defined by the footing; and
at least one blockout formed through the footing between the stem and the base shear key;
excavating soil to form a subgrade of a determined width, length, and depth;
excavating soil to form a trench of a second determined width, length, and depth in the subgrade;
placing the cantilevered wing wall on the subgrade, wherein the base shear key of the cantilevered wing wall extends into the trench; and
filling the trench and the at least one blockout at least partially with the grout material.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said grout material comprises at least one of a cement, a concrete material, an adhesive, a mortar, a controlled density fill, a hydro compacted sand, and an aggregate.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising installing a drainage system between the back face of the stem and the embankment.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising installing one or more soil nails through the at least one blockout.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
placing infill material between the back face of the stem and the embankment to a determined height;
placing second infill material to a final grade line; and
compacting the infill material and the second infill material to a determined density.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the base shear key and the at least one blockout are formed substantially parallel to a distal end of the heel of the footing.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the trench extends beneath at least a portion of the at least one blockout.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the base shear key has a continuous length that extends from a first side of the footing to a second side of the footing.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cantilevered wing wall is devoid of a counterfort between the stem and the footing.