Abuse-resistant controlled-release opioid dosage form
View Patent ↗Abuse-resistant, controlled release opioid tablets are a combination containing an opioid antagonist such as naloxone at a level above that needed to suppress the euphoric effect of the opioid, if the combination were crushed to break the controlled release properties causing the opioid and opioid antagonist to be released as an immediate release product as a single dose. The controlled release nature of the tablet prevents the accumulation of orally effective amounts of opioid antagonist when taken normally. The opioid antagonist is contained in a controlled-release matrix and released, over time, with the opioid.
1. An oral controlled release pharmaceutical composition comprising:
oxycodone; and
naloxone;
wherein the oxycodone and the naloxone are present in a ratio of 5:1 to 1:1; and
wherein the composition releases the naloxone and the oxycodone such that substantially all of the naloxone is released from the composition over 8-12 hours.
2. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the oxycodone is present in an amount of 10-80 mg.
3. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2 , wherein the oxycodone is present in an amount of 10-40 mg.
4. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2 , wherein the oxycodone is present in an amount of 10 mg and the naloxone is present in an amount of 2-10 mg.
5. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2 , wherein the oxycodone is present in an amount of 20 mg and the naloxone is present in an amount of 5-20 mg.
6. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2 , wherein the oxycodone is present in an amount of 40 mg and the naloxone is present in an amount of 8-40 mg.
7. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2 , wherein the oxycodone is present in an aount of 80 mg and the naloxone is present in an amount of 16-80 mg.
8. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the naloxone is present in an amount of 5-40 mg.
9. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8 , wherein the naloxone is present in an amount of 5-20 mg.
10. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8 , wherein the naloxone is present in an amount of 10 to 20 mg.
11. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the naloxone is present in an amount of at least 10 mg.
12. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the naloxone is present in an amount of at least 20 mg.
13. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the oxycodone is in the form of oxycodone hydrochloride.
14. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 13 , wherein the naloxone is in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
15. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the naloxone is in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
16. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is in the form of a tablet.
17. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein sufficient naloxone is released to block the opioid euphoric effect when the pharmaceutical composition is crushed.
18. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the naloxone is released as immediate release capable of inducing withdrawal in dependent individuals if the pharmaceutical composition is crushed and the controlled release properties broken.
19. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the naloxone is released at a rate ineffective for inducing withdrawal when the pharmaceutical composition is taken orally in intact form.
20. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the naloxone is not readily separable from the oxycodone.
21. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the oxycodone and the naloxone are present in a ratio of 4:1 to 1:1.
22. A method of treating pain comprising orally administering to a patient in need thereof the pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 .
23. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the oxycodone is present in an amount of 10-160 mg.
24. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the naloxone is present in an amount of 5-160 mg.
25. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the release of the naloxone does not block the action of the oxycodone when the controlled release properties are intact.
26. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the naloxone is present in an amount of 2-160 mg.
27. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 23 , wherein the naloxone is present in an amount of 2-160 mg.
28. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the naloxone is present in an amount of 2-40 mg.
29. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 23 , wherein the naloxone is present in an amount of 2-40 mg.
30. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the release rate of the naloxone is approximately 100 percent to approximately 25 percent of the release rate of the oxycodone.
31. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 30 , wherein the release rate of the naloxone is approximately 100 percent of the release rate of the oxycodone.
32. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein 60-70% of the oxycodone is released from the composition over 4 hours.
33. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein 60-70% of the naloxone is released from the composition over 4 hours.
34. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein >90% of the oxycodone is released from the composition over 10 hours.
35. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the oxycodone and the naloxone are released over a period greater than 4 hours.
36. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the oxycodone and the naloxone are released over a period of 8-12 hours.
37. An oral controlled release pharmaceutical composition comprising:
oxycodone hydrochloride; and
2-40 mg of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of naloxone;
wherein the oxycodone hydrochloride and the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of naloxone are present in a ratio of 4:1 to 1:1;
wherein the composition releases the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of naloxone and the oxycodone hydrochloride such that substantially all of the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of naloxone is released from the composition over 8-12 hours.
38. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 37 , wherein the oxycodone is present in an amount of 10, 20, 40, or 80 mg.
39. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 37 , wherein the naloxone is present in an amount of 5-20 mg.
40. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 37 , wherein the naloxone is present in an amount of 10 to 20 mg.
41. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 37 , wherein the release rate of the naloxone is approximately 100 percent of the release rate of the oxycodone.
42. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 37 , wherein
60-70% of the oxycodone and 60-70% of the naloxone are released from the composition over 4 hours; and
>90% of the oxycodone is released from the composition over 10 hours.