System and method to calculate cardiac characteristics

1. A system comprising;

a signal acquisition system including an interface configured to:

receive a hemodynamic signal; and

receive a cardiac impedance signal; and

a processor configured to execute a system control program in a memory, the system control program causing the processor to:

identify by the processor a first peak and a second peak of the cardiac impedance signal;

identify by the processor a first portion of the hemodynamic signal corresponding to a full heart cycle based on the cardiac impedance signal first peak;

identify by the processor a second portion of the hemodynamic signal corresponding to the full heart cycle based on the cardiac impedance signal second peak;

calculate a systolic area index (SAI) cardiac characteristic based on the first portion and the second portion of the hemodynamic signal;

the identification of the first portion of the hemodynamic signal including causing the processor to:

employ an adaptive multi-cycle detection window by identifying at least two complete periods of the hemodynamic signal occurring within a predetermined time period, wherein the predetermined timed period is centered around the first peak of the cardiac impedance signal;

create a weighted average of the at least two complete periods of the hemodynamic signal with adaptively controlled coefficients, wherein the adaptively controlled coefficients represent a time interval between a center of the multi-cycle detection window and a peak of the hemodynamic signal for each of the at least two complete periods of the hemodynamic signal, wherein the weighted average acts as a derived hemodynamic cycle;

the calculation of the SAI cardiac characteristic based on the derived hemodynamic cycle;

determine a medical diagnosis based on the calculated SAI cardiac characteristic; and

display on an operator terminal at least one of the medical diagnosis determined by the processor and the SAI cardiac characteristic calculated by the processor.

2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the first peak corresponds to patient expiration and the second peak corresponds to patient inspiration.

3. The system according to claim 1 , the identification of the first portion of the hemodynamic signal comprises identification of a first peak of the hemodynamic signal occurring within a predetermined time period from the occurrence of the first peak of the cardiac impedance signal.

4. The system according to claim 3 , the first peak of the cardiac impedance signal is a positive peak, and the second peak of the cardiac impedance signal is a negative peak, and

the identification of the second portion of the hemodynamic signal comprises identification of a second peak of the hemodynamic signal occurring within a predetermined time period from the occurrence of the second peak of the cardiac impedance signal.

5. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the first peak of the cardiac impedance signal is a positive peak, and the second peak of the cardiac impedance signal is a negative peak,

the identification of the second portion of the hemodynamic signal including causing the processor to:

employ a second adaptive multi-cycle detection window by identifying a second at least two complete periods of the hemodynamic signal occurring within a second predetermined time period, wherein the second predetermined timed period is centered around the second peak of the cardiac impedance signal;

create a second weighted average of the second at least two completer periods of the hemodynamic signal with second adaptively controlled coefficients, wherein the second adaptively controlled coefficients represent a time interval between a center of the second multi-cycle detection window and a peak of the hemodynamic signal, wherein the second weighted average act as a second derived hemodynamic cycle;

the calculation, of the SAI cardiac characteristic based on the second derived hemodynamic cycle.

6. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the cardiac characteristic is an Amplitude systolic index (A-SAI) calculated according to:

A

⁢

-

⁢

S

⁢

⁢

A

⁢

⁢

I

=

A

LV

A

RV

wherein ALV is a maximum amplitude of a left ventricular segment and ARV is a maximum amplitude of a right ventricular segment of the identified portions of the hemodynamic cycle.

7. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the cardiac characteristic is a Multiple heart cycles-based systolic index (M-SAI) calculated according to:

M-SAI=Σ iεshifting window T SAI i

wherein SAIi is a Systolic Area Index, and i is an index for a heart cycle of the identified portions of the hemodynamic cycle.

8. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the cardiac characteristic is a frequency-based Systolic Area Index (F-SAI), and is calculated based on a spectrum frequency point magnitude or amplitude in a frequency band of interest.

9. A method comprising:

receiving a hemodynamic signal at a processor configured to execute system control program instructions;

receiving a cardiac impedance signal at the processor;

identifying by the processor a first peak and a second peak of the cardiac impedance signal;

identifying by the processor a first portion of the hemodynamic signal corresponding to a full heart cycle based on the first cardiac impedance signal peak;

identifying by the processor a second portion of the hemodynamic signal corresponding to the full heart cycle based on the second cardiac impedance signal peak;

calculating a systolic area index (SAI) cardiac characteristic based on the first portion and the second portion of the hemodynamic signal;

the identification of the first portion of the hemodynamic signal including:

employing an adaptive multi-cycle detection window by the processor identifying at least two complete periods of the hemodynamic signal occurring within a predetermined time period, wherein the predetermined timed period is centered around the first peak of the cardiac impedance signal;

creating, by the processor, a weighted average of the at least two complete periods of the hemodynamic signal with an adaptively controlled coefficients, wherein the adaptively controlled coefficients represent

a time interval between a center of the multi-cycle detection window and a peak of the hemodynamic signal for each of the at least two complete periods of the hemodynamic signal, wherein the weighted average acts as a derived hemodynamic cycle;

the calculation of the SAI cardiac characteristic based on the derived hemodynamic cycle;

determining by the processor a medical diagnosis based on the calculated SAI cardiac characteristic; and

displaying on an operator terminal at least one of the medical diagnosis determined by the processor and the SAI cardiac characteristic calculated by the processor.

10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the first peak corresponds to patient expiration and the second peak corresponds to patient inspiration.

11. The method according to claim 9 , the identifying the first portion of the hemodynamic signal comprises identifying a first peak of the hemodynamic signal occurring within a predetermined time period from the occurrence of the first peak of the cardiac impedance signal.

12. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the first peak of the cardiac impedance signal is a positive peak, and the second peak of the cardiac impedance signal is a negative peak, and

the identifying the second portion of the hemodynamic signal comprises identifying a second peak of the hemodynamic signal occurring within a predetermined time period from the occurrence of the second peak of the cardiac impedance signal.

13. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the first peak of the cardiac impedance signal is a positive peak and the second peak of the cardiac impedance signal is a negative peak, and

the identifying the second portion of the hemodynamic signal including:

employing a second adaptive multi-cycle detection window by the processor identifying a second at least two complete periods of the hemodynamic signal occurring within a second predetermined time period, wherein the second predetermined timed period is centered around the second peak of the cardiac impedance signal;

a creating a second weighted average of the second at least two complete periods of the hemodynamic signal with second adaptively controlled coefficients, wherein the second adaptively controlled coefficients

represent a time interval between a center of the second multi-cycle detection window and a peak of the hemodynamic signal for each of the second at least two complete periods of the hemodynamic signal, wherein the second weighted average acts as a second derived hemodynamic cycle;

the calculating the SAI cardiac characteristic based on the second derived hemodynamic cycle.

14. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the cardiac characteristic is an Amplitude systolic index (A-SAI) calculated according to:

A

⁢

-

⁢

S

⁢

⁢

A

⁢

⁢

I

=

A

LV

A

RV

wherein ALV is a maximum amplitude of a left ventricular segment and ARV is a maximum amplitude of a right ventricular segment of the identified portions of the hemodynamic cycle.

15. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the cardiac characteristic is a Multiple heart cycles-based systolic index (M-SAI) calculated according to:

M-SAI=Σ iεshifting window T SAI i

wherein SAIi is a Systolic Area Index, and i is an index for a heart cycle of the identified portions of the hemodynamic cycle.

16. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the cardiac characteristic is a frequency-based Systolic Area Index (F-SAI), and the method includes calculating the F-SAI based on a spectrum frequency point magnitude or amplitude in a frequency band of interest.