PHOTOCONDUCTIVE OPTICAL TOUCH
An optical touch sensor may include traces of photoconductive material formed on a substantially transparent substrate. Each photoconductive trace may be capable of responding to an incident light intensity increase on a portion of the photoconductive trace by increasing the number of charged carriers, thereby raising the electrical conductivity of that portion of the photoconductive trace. An incident light intensity decrease on a portion of the photoconductive trace will lower the electrical conductivity of that portion of the photoconductive trace. The corresponding changes in voltage may be measured by circuits that include conductive traces formed substantially perpendicular to, and configured for electrical connection with, the traces of photoconductive material. A diode (such as a Schottky diode) may be formed at the electrical connections between the conductive traces and the photoconductive traces.
1 . An optical touch sensing device, comprising:
a substantially transparent substrate;
a plurality of substantially parallel photoconductive traces formed on the substantially transparent substrate;
a plurality of substantially parallel metal traces formed on the substantially transparent substrate, the conductive traces being substantially orthogonal to, and configured for electrical connection with, the photoconductive traces; and
a control system capable of:
applying a voltage to each of the photoconductive traces, in sequence;
determining changes in electrical conductivity in portions of the photoconductive traces caused by changes in intensity of incident light in one or more areas; and
determining a location of at least one of the one or more areas.
2 . The optical touch sensing device of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of Schottky diodes, each diode of the plurality of diodes being formed at the junction of a metal trace and a photoconductive trace.
3 . The optical touch sensing device of claim 2 , wherein the Schottky diodes include a metal contact at the electrical connection between the conductive trace and the photoconductive trace, the metal contact including at least one of palladium, platinum, chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, palladium silicide, platinum silicide or other metals that will induce a Schottky barrier.
4 . The optical touch sensing device of claim 1 , wherein the substantially transparent substrate is a display substrate.
5 . The optical touch sensing device of claim 4 , wherein the photoconductive traces are formed as a light-masking layer on the display substrate.
6 . The optical touch sensing device of claim 5 , wherein the photoconductive traces include amorphous silicon and are formed in antireflection subwavelength pillar arrays.
7 . The optical touch sensing device of claim 3 , wherein the metal traces are formed as part of a black mask structure on the displayer substrate.
8 . The optical touch sensing device of claim 7 , wherein the black mask structure is an interferometric absorbing structure that includes an absorber layer, a substantially transparent dielectric spacer and a reflective and conductive metal.
9 . The optical touch sensing device of claim 1 , wherein the control system is capable of providing a first operational mode for use under ambient light conditions and a second operational mode for use when a display light is in operation.
10 . The optical touch sensing device of claim 1 , wherein the control system is capable of providing a fingerprint sensor operational mode and a touch sensor operational mode.
11 . The optical touch sensing device of claim 10 , wherein the control system is capable of recognizing the fingerprint of more than one finger of a user.
12 . The optical touch sensing device of claim 11 , wherein the control system is capable of controlling access to an apparatus based, at least in part, on recognizing a sequence of the fingerprints.
13 . The optical touch sensing device of claim 1 , wherein the photoconductive traces include at least one of amorphous silicon, gallium arsenide, germanium, or indium phosphide.
14 . A display device that includes the optical touch sensing device of claim 1 .
15 . The display device of claim 14 , wherein the control system is capable of processing image data and of controlling the display device according to the processed image data.
16 . The display device of claim 15 , wherein the control system further comprises:
a driver circuit capable of sending at least one signal to a display of the display device; and
a controller capable of sending at least a portion of the image data to the driver circuit.
17 . The display device of claim 15 , wherein the control system further comprises:
an image source module capable of sending the image data to the processor, wherein the image source module includes at least one of a receiver, transceiver, and transmitter.
18 . The display device of claim 15 , further comprising:
an input device capable of receiving input data and of communicating the input data to the control system.
19 . The display device of claim 18 , wherein the control system is capable of detecting gestures via the optical touch device and to control the display device according to detected gestures.
20 . A method, comprising:
applying a voltage, in sequence, to each of a plurality of substantially parallel photoconductive traces on a substrate;
determining changes in electrical conductivity in portions of the photoconductive traces caused by changes in intensity of incident light in one or more areas, the determining process involving detecting voltage changes in a plurality of substantially parallel metal traces formed on the substrate, the metal traces being substantially orthogonal to, and configured for electrical connection with, the photoconductive traces; and
determining a location of the one or more areas.
21 . The method of claim 20 , wherein the substrate is part of a display device, further comprising:
controlling the display device according to the location of the one or more areas.
22 . The method of claim 21 , further comprising:
determining a movement of the one or more areas; and
controlling the display device according to the movement of the one or more areas.
23 . An apparatus, comprising:
a substantially transparent substrate;
a single photoconductive trace formed on the substantially transparent substrate;
a plurality of substantially parallel metal traces formed on the substantially transparent substrate, the metal traces being substantially orthogonal to, and configured for electrical connection with, the single photoconductive trace; and
control means for:
determining changes in electrical conductivity in portions of the single photoconductive trace caused by changes in intensity of incident light in one or more areas; and
determining a location of at least one of the one or more areas.
24 . The apparatus of claim 23 , wherein the control means includes means for imaging a fingerprint of a finger that is swept across the substantially transparent substrate.
25 . The apparatus of claim 24 , further comprising a display, wherein the control means includes means for controlling the display to indicate an orientation for a finger to be swept across the substantially transparent substrate.