Granted Patent B2

US 10,109,388 · App. 14/094,253 · Granted Oct 23, 2018

Abstract

Claims (32)

1. An apparatus selected from the group consisting of electrical apparatuses and power applications, comprising a liquid electrically insulating composition comprising a dielectric fluid and an additive in a concentration of between 1 and 10 wt % of the composition,

wherein the additive is dissolved in the dielectric fluid and has a 1 st electron excitation energy within the range of from 1 to 4 eV which is lower than the 1 st electron excitation energy of the dielectric fluid.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the additive is selected from azo compounds, of formula (I):

R 5 —N═N—R 6   (I)

wherein R 5 and R 6 are both independently selected from aryl or heteroaryl, which is unsubstituted or substituted in one, two or three positions with substituents independently selected from C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, OH, CHO, C 1-10 acyl, C 1-10 alkoxy, C 1-6 alkanoyloxy, C 1-10 alkylthio, C 1-10 alkylamino, CN, nitro, amino, amido, sulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, halo, halo C 1-10 alkyl, C 1-10 alkyl aryl, and aminoaryl; or

a five-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, which is unsubstituted or substituted in one, two or three positions with substituents independently selected from C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, OH, CHO, C 1-10 acyl, C 1-10 alkoxy, C 1-6 alkanoyloxy, C 1-10 alkylthio, C 1-10 alkylamino, CN, nitro, amino, arylamino, amido, sulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, halo, halo-C 1-10 alkyl C 1-10 alkyl aryl, and aminoaryl.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the dielectric fluid is an ester-based dielectric fluid.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the additive is selected from the group consisting of colour dyes.

5. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein

R 5 is selected from phenyl, 2-oxazolyl, 2-thiazolyl and 2-imidazolyl; and

R 6 is selected from phenyl and 2-thiazolyl.

6. An apparatus selected from the group consisting of electrical apparatuses and power applications, comprising a liquid electrically insulating composition comprising a dielectric fluid and an additive in a concentration of between 1 and 10 wt % of the composition,

wherein the additive is dissolved in the dielectric fluid and has a 1 st electron excitation energy within the range of from 1 to 4 eV which is lower than the 1 st electron excitation energy of the dielectric fluid, and

wherein the additive is selected from formula (II), (III) and (IV),

wherein

X is selected from S, O and N; and

R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 , are each independently selected from H, C 1-10 alkyl, CH═CH 2 , halogens, OH, C 1-10 alkoxy, OCH—C 1-10 alkyl, CN, and NH 2 .

7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein

X is selected from S and O;

R 1 is selected from H, C 1-4 alkyl, OH, C 1-4 alkoxy, CN, and NH 2 ;

R 2 is selected from H or CN;

R 3 is selected from H, CHO, CH═CH 2 ; and

R 4 is selected from H and Cl.

8. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein

R 1 is selected from H, CN, CH 3 , OH, OCH 3 , and NH 2 .

9. An apparatus selected from the group consisting of electrical apparatuses and power applications, comprising a liquid electrically insulating composition comprising a dielectric fluid and an additive in a concentration of between 1 and 10 wt % of the composition,

wherein the additive is dissolved in the dielectric fluid and has a 1 st electron excitation energy within the range of from 1 to 4 eV which is lower than the 1 st electron excitation energy of the dielectric fluid, and

wherein the additive is of the following formula (V)

wherein X 1 , X 2 , Y 1 and Y 2 are each independently selected from H, C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, OH, CHO, C 1-10 acyl, C 1-10 alkoxy, C 1-6 alkanoyloxy, C 1-10 alkylthio, C 1-10 alkylamino, CN, nitro, amino, amido, sulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, halo, halo C 1-10 alkyl, C 1-10 alkyl aryl, and aminoaryl.

10. An apparatus selected from the group consisting of electrical apparatuses and power applications, comprising a liquid electrically insulating composition comprising a dielectric fluid and an additive in a concentration of between 1 and 10 wt % of the composition,

wherein the additive is dissolved in the dielectric fluid and has a 1 st electron excitation energy within the range of from 1 to 4 eV which is lower than the 1 st electron excitation energy of the dielectric fluid, and

wherein the additive is selected from 4-anilino-4′-nitroazobenzene and p-dimethylamino-azobenzenesulfonic acid.

Assignments (6)