Method for making improved UV-absorbing ophthalmic lenses
Described herein is a cost-effective and time-efficient method for making UV-absorbing contact lenses. In contrast to the conventional method for making UV-absorbing contact lenses which involves copolymerizing a lens forming composition including a UV-absorbing vinylic monomer, a method of the invention involves dipping a contact lens in a solution of UV-absorbing polymer comprising carboxyl-containing monomeric units, UV-absorbing monomeric units and covalently bound radical-initiating moieties to form a UV-absorbing coating on the contact lens.
1. A method for producing UV-absorbing contact lenses, comprising the steps of:
(1) obtaining an ophthalmic lens;
(2) dipping the ophthalmic lens in a coating solution comprising an organic solvent and a UV-absorbing polymer for a period of time sufficient to form a UV-absorbing coating on the ophthalmic lens, wherein the coating solution comprises at least about 60% by weight of the organic solvent, wherein the UV-absorbing polymer comprises
a) UV-absorbing monomeric units,
b) covalently bound radical-initiating moieties,
c) and at least 50% by mole of carboxyl-containing monomeric units of at least one carboxyl-containing vinylic monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, C 1 -C 12 alkylacrylic acid, N,N-2-acrylamidoglycolic acid, beta-methyl-acrylic acid (crotonic acid), alpha-phenyl acrylic acid, beta-acryloxy propionic acid, sorbic acid, angelic acid, cinnamic acid, 1-carobxy-4-phenyl butadiene-1,3, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, mesaconic acid, glutaconic acid, aconitic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tricarboxy ethylene, and combinations thereof;
(3) rinsing the ophthalmic lens having the UV-absorbing coating thereon with water or with a mixture of water and at most about 50% by weight of an organic solvent; and
(4) irradiating, with a light source, the ophthalmic lens obtained in step (3) in the presence of a hydrophilic vinylic monomer or crosslinker to graft the UV-absorbing coating onto the ophthalmic lens.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein each UV-absorbing monomeric unit comprises a benzotriazole or benzophenone moiety or combination thereof.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the UV-absorbing polymer is obtained from an intermediary UV-absorbing polymer obtained by copolymerizing a polymerizable mixture comprising the carboxyl-containing vinylic monomer and at least one UV-absorbing vinylic monomer in the presence or absence of a vinylic monomer, provided that the carboxyl-containing vinylic monomer is present in an amount of at least 60% by mole in the polymerizable composition.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the UV-absorbing vinylic monomer is selected from the group consisting of 2-(2-hydroxy-5-vinylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, 2-(2-hydroxy-5-acrylyloxyphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, 2-(2-hydroxy-3-methacrylamido methyl-5-tert octylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2-(2′-hydroxy-5′-methacrylamidophenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2′-hydroxy-5′-methacrylamidophenyl)-5-methoxybenzotriazole, 2-(2′-hydroxy-5′-methacryloxypropyl-3′-t-butyl-phenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2′-hydroxy-5′-methacryloxyethylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2-(2′-hydroxy-5′-methacryloxypropylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2-hydroxy-4-acryloxy alkoxy benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methacryloxy alkoxy benzophenone, allyl-2-hydroxybenzophenone, and 2-hydroxy-4-methacryloxy benzophenone, and combinations thereof; wherein the carboxyl-containing vinylic monomer is selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, C 1 -C 12 alkylacrylic acid, N,N-2-acrylamidoglycolic acid, beta-methyl-acrylic acid (crotonic acid), alpha-phenyl acrylic acid, beta-acryloxy propionic acid, sorbic acid, angelic acid, cinnamic acid, 1-carobxy-4-phenyl butadiene-1,3, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, mesaconic acid, glutaconic acid, aconitic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tricarboxy ethylene, and combinations thereof.
5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the UV-absorbing polymer is obtained by: reacting a precursor polymer having at least 60% by mole of carboxyl-containing monomeric units, in a coupling reaction, simultaneously or sequentially with a UV-absorbing compound and a radical-initiating compound,
wherein the UV-absorbing compound is represented by formula I, II, III, or IV
in which
R 1 , R 2 and R 3 independently of one other are hydrogen, a C 1 -C 12 linear or branched alkyl group, a halogen (Cl or Br), a C 6 to C 24 aryl group, a C 7 to C 24 alkylaryl group, a C 7 to C 24 arylalkyl, or a C 1 -C 12 linear or branched alkoxy group;
L 1 and L 3 independent of each other are a covalent bond or a divalent radical of —X a -E 1 -X b -E 2 -X c — in which X a is a covalent bond, —O—, carbonyl
a divalent radical of —(R a O) n — in which R a is a linear or branched C 1 -C 12 -alkylene and n is from 1 to 10,
in which R″ is H or C 1 -C 8 alkyl, E 1 and E 2 independently of each other are a covalent bond, a divalent radical of —(R a O) n — in which R a and n are defined above,
in which R″ is H or C 1 -C 8 alkyl, a C 1 to C 12 linear or branched alkylene divalent radical, a cycloalkyl divalent radical with up to 40 carbon atoms, an alkylcycloalkyl divalent radical with up to 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl divalent radical with up to 40 carbon atoms, an arylalkylene divalent radical with up to 40 carbon atoms, or a dicarbonyl group having the formula —C(O)L 2 C(O)— in which L 2 is a C 1 to C 12 linear or branched alkylene divalent radical or —(R e1 —O) w1 —(R e2 —O) w2 —(R e3 —O) w3 —, wherein R e1 , R e2 , and R e3 independently of one another are a linear or branched C 1 -C 4 -alkylene and w1, w2 and w3 independently of one another are a number from 0 to 20 provided that the sum of (n+m+p) is 1 to 60, and X b and X c independently of each other are a covalent bond, carbonyl,
in which R″ is defined above; and
Y and Y 1 independent of each other are an azlactone group, an epoxy group, an isocyanate group, an aziridine group, or an amino group of —NHR in which R is hydrogen or a C 1 -C 20 unsubstituted or substituted, linear or branched alkyl group,
wherein the radical-initiating compound has a functional group reactive with a carboxy group.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the precursor polymer is: (1) a homopolymer of acrylic acid or C 1 -C 12 alkylacrylic acid; (2) a copolymer of acrylic acid and C 1 -C 12 alkylacrylic acid; (3) a copolymer of a carboxyl-containing vinylic monomer which is acrylic acid or C 1 -C 12 alkylacrylic or combination thereof and an amino-containing vinylic monomer selected from the group consisting of amino-C 2 -C 6 alkyl (meth)acrylate, C 1 -C 6 alkylamino-C 2 -C 6 alkyl (meth)acrylate, allylamine, vinylamine, amino-C 2 -C 6 alkyl (meth)acrylamide, C 1 -C 6 alkylamino-C 2 -C 6 alkyl (meth)acrylamide), and combination thereof; (4) a copolymer of a carboxyl-containing vinylic monomer which is acrylic acid or C 1 -C 12 alkylacrylic or combination thereof and one or more hydrophilic vinylic monomers being free of carboxyl or amino group and selected from the group consisting of acrylamide, methacrylamide N,N-dimethylacrylamide, N,N-dimethyl methacrylamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N, N,-dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate, N,N-dimethylaminoethylacrylate, N,N-dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide, N,N-dimethylaminopropylacrylamide, glycerol methacrylate, 3-acryloylamino-1-propanol, N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide, N-[tris(hydroxymethyl) methyl]-acrylamide, N-methyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 1-ethyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 1-methyl-5-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 1-ethyl-5-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 5-methyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 5-ethyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate having a weight average molecular weight of up to 1500 Daltons, N-vinyl formamide, N-vinyl acetamide, N-vinyl isopropylamide, N-vinyl-N-methyl acetamide, allyl alcohol, vinyl alcohol, and combinations thereof.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the precursor polymer is polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, poly(C 2 -C 12 alkylacrylic acid), poly(acrylic acid-co-methacrylic acid), poly[C 2 -C 12 alkylacrylic acid-co-(meth)acrylic acid], poly(N,N-2-acrylamidoglycolic acid), poly[(meth)acrylic acid-co-acrylamide], poly[(meth)acrylic acid-co-vinylpyrrolidone], poly[C 2 -C 12 alkylacrylic acid-co-acrylamide], poly[C 2 -C 12 alkylacrylic acid-co-vinylpyrrolidone], hydrolyzed poly[(meth)acrylic acid-co-vinylacetate], hydrolyzed poly[C 2 -C 12 alkylacrylic acid-co-vinylacetate], or combinations thereof.
8. The method of claim 3 , wherein the organic solvent is present in an amount of at least 70% by weight in the coating solution, wherein the ophthalmic lens having the UV-absorbing coating thereon is rinsed with a mixture of water and at most 50% by weight of an organic solvent.
9. The method of claim 4 , wherein the organic solvent is present in an amount of at least 70% by weight in the coating solution, wherein the ophthalmic lens having the UV-absorbing coating thereon is rinsed with a mixture of water and at most 50% by weight of an organic solvent.
10. The method of claim 5 , wherein the organic solvent is present in an amount of at least 70% by weight in the coating solution, wherein the ophthalmic lens having the UV-absorbing coating thereon is rinsed with a mixture of water and at most 50% by weight of an organic solvent.
11. The method of claim 6 , wherein the organic solvent is present in an amount of at least 70% by weight in the coating solution, wherein the ophthalmic lens having the UV-absorbing coating thereon is rinsed with a mixture of water and at most 50% by weight of an organic solvent.
12. The method of claim 7 , wherein the organic solvent is present in an amount of at least 70% by weight in the coating solution, wherein the ophthalmic lens having the UV-absorbing coating thereon is rinsed with a mixture of water and at most 50% by weight of an organic solvent.
13. The method of claim 2 , wherein the organic solvent is present in an amount of at least 70% by weight in the coating solution, wherein the ophthalmic lens having the UV-absorbing coating thereon is rinsed with a mixture of water and at most 50% by weight of an organic solvent.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the covalently bound radical-initiating moieties are derived from a functionalized radical-initiating compound which comprises a group which is co-reactive to carboxy group.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the radical-initiating part belongs to the thioxanthone type or to the benzoin type.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the covalently bound radical-initiating moieties are derived from an Irgacure type photoinitiator.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the covalently bound radical-initiating moieties are present in the UV-absorbing polymer from about 3 to about 15 mole percent.
18. The method of claim 1 wherein the UV-absorbing monomeric units are present in the UV-absorbing polymer from about 4 to about 15 mole percent.
19. The method of claim 1 wherein the irradiation after the dipping step is conducted in the presence of a hydrophilic vinylic crosslinker which is a poly(ethyleneglycol) diacrylate or an acrylamide-modified polyvinylalcohol.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the UV-absorbing coating further comprises a blue light-absorbing polymer.