Inactivated virus compositions and methods of preparing such compositions

1. A method comprising the steps of:

a) providing a live swine flu virus having an infectious component and a plurality of surface antigens;

b) contacting the live swine flu virus with a non-crosslinking chemical fixative that contains at least one urea-based formaldehyde donor agent having a molecular weight that is greater than 50 g/mol and less than 400 g/mol for de-activating the infectious component with the at least one urea-based formaldehyde donor agent, and for preserving at least a portion of the plurality of surface antigens sufficient to induce an immune response to form an antigen-treated deactivated virus composition such that a hemagglutination activity of the antigen-treated deactivated virus composition is retained for a period of at least 6 months; and

c) storing and/or transporting the antigen-treated deactivated virus composition at ambient temperature from about 25° C. to about 37° C. without cold storage or transport.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the live swine flu virus is grown in a tissue or in vitro cell culture.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the at least one urea-based formaldehyde donor agent is selected from diazolidinyl urea (DU), imidazolidinyl urea (IDU), or a mixture thereof.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the contacting step includes contacting the live swine flu virus with the at least one urea-based formaldehyde donor agent having a concentration of less than 1 w/v (grams per 100 ml total volume).

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the contacting step (b) occurs for a period of 24 to 72 hours.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the contacting step (b) occurs at a temperature of 23° C. to 37° C.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the method is free of any step of contacting the live swine flu virus or the antigen-treated deactivated virus composition with binary ethylene-imine, formaldehyde, formalin, phenol, 2-phenoxyethanol, thimerosal, bromo-ethylene-imine, ethyl methane sulfonate, nitrosoguanidine, fluorouracil, 5-azacytadine, or any combination thereof.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein the method includes a step of freeze-drying and re-hydrating the antigen-treated deactivated virus composition.

9. A method of preparing an immunogenic composition comprising the method of claim 1 which further comprises c) mixing a non-toxic effective amount of the antigen-treated deactivated virus composition with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier to form a resulting composition for inducing an immune response in a subject to which the resulting composition is administered.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein the swine flu virus is provided in a live titer amount of 10 6 to 10 12 EID 50 per milliliter of the resulting composition.

11. The method of claim 9 wherein the mixing step (c) occurs immediately following the contacting step (b).

12. A method for de-activating a live swine flu virus and retaining hemagglutination activity comprising the steps of:

a) providing a live swine flu virus having an infectious component and a plurality of surface antigens;

b) contacting the live swine flu virus with a urea-based formaldehyde donor agent having a molecular weight that is greater than 50 g/mol and less than 400 g/mol for de-activating the infectious component with the at least one urea-based formaldehyde donor agent, and for preserving at least a portion of the plurality of surface antigens to form an antigen-treated deactivated virus composition;

c) transporting and/or storing the antigen-treated deactivated virus composition at ambient temperature from about 25° C. to about 37° C. without cold storage or transport; and

d) performing a hemagglutination activity (HA) assay to confirm hemagglutination activity of a sample of the transported and/or stored antigen-treated deactivated virus composition.

13. The method of claim 1 wherein the contacting step (b) occurs for a period of 24 to 240 hours.

14. The method of claim 1 wherein the contacting step includes contacting the live swine flu virus with imidazolidinyl urea (IDU) having a concentration of from 0.0625% to 0.5% weight per volume (w/v).

15. The method of claim 1 wherein the live swine flu virus of step a) is free of any genetically modified or cloned virus.