Method and device for controlling a valve
A method is disclosed for controlling a valve having a spring with a spring force, an actuator with an actuator force opposing the spring force, and a pin that is actuated by the actuator, a seal element that can be coupled with the pin, and a seal seat, the valve being closed when the seal element sits against the seal seat. The method includes determining an expected natural opening time when the seal element is lifted off the seal seat based on a pressure difference in front and behind the valve, impressing a specified current on the actuator at a point in time within a specified interval prior to the natural opening time, the seal element sitting against the seal seat at the point in time such that the pin contacts the seal element and the actuator force matches the spring force, which is reduced by a specified value.
1. A method for controlling a valve having a spring with a spring force, an actuator with an actuator force that counteracts the spring force, a pin actuated by the actuator, a sealing element that configured to be coupled to the pin, and a sealing seat, wherein the valve is closed when the sealing element bears against the sealing seat, the method comprising:
determining an expected natural opening time at which the sealing element lifts from the sealing seat based on a pressure difference upstream and downstream of the valve, and
applying an electrical current with a predefined value to the actuator at a time, within a predefined interval before the natural opening time, at which the sealing element bears against the sealing seat, such that the pin makes contact with the sealing element and the actuator force corresponds to the spring force reduced by a predefined value.
2. The method of claim 1 , comprising:
in a first operating mode:
applying the current to the actuator with a predefined non-constant profile proceeding from a starting value of the current, at which the pin is in a position in which it permits the closure of the valve,
determining measurement values of the current temporally in succession, and
setting a reference value of the current to the present measurement value of the current when the profile of the measurement values of the current deviates by a predefined magnitude from the profile of the current applied to the actuator, wherein the reference value of the current is representative of the actuator force corresponding to the spring force reduced by the predefined value, and
in a second operating mode, applying the reference value of the current to the actuator at the time within the interval before the natural opening time.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the spring is configured for opening the valve, and
wherein in the first operating mode, the applied current decreases linearly proceeding from the starting value of the current, and at the starting value of the current, the actuator force is greater than the spring force.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the applied current is set as a function of a pulse width modulation.
5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the measurement values of the current are determined as a function of a voltage across a shunt resistor.
6. The method of claim 2 , wherein the reference value of the current is determined as a function of a temperature of a fluid in the valve or in a predefined region of the valve.
7. The method of claim 2 , wherein the valve is arranged in an injection system of an internal combustion engine, and the reference value of the current is determined as a function of characteristic values of the internal combustion engine.
8. The method of claim 2 , wherein the reference value of the current is stored in an operating-point-dependent characteristic map.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein in the second operating mode, measurement values of the current are determined as a function of a voltage across a shunt resistor.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the natural opening time is determined as a function of at least one of (a) a temperature of a fluid in the valve or in a predefined region of the valve and (b) the pressure within the valve.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the valve is arranged in an injection system of an internal combustion engine, and the natural opening time is determined as a function of characteristic values of the internal combustion engine.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the natural opening time is stored in an operating-point-dependent characteristic map.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein in the second operating mode, after the natural opening time, an electrical current is applied to the actuator such that the pin moves into a position in which it does not permit the closure of the valve.
14. An electrical control device for controlling a valve having a spring with a spring force, an actuator with an actuator force that counteracts the spring force, a pin actuated by the actuator, a sealing element configured to be coupled to the pin, and a sealing seat, wherein the valve is closed when the sealing element bears against the sealing seat,
wherein the electronic control device is configured to:
determine an expected natural opening time at which the sealing element lifts from the sealing seat based on a pressure difference upstream and downstream of the valve, and
apply an electrical current with a predefined value to the actuator at a time, within a predefined interval before the natural opening time, at which the sealing element bears against the sealing seat, such that the pin makes contact with the sealing element and the actuator force corresponds to the spring force reduced by a predefined value.
15. The electronic control device of claim 14 , configured to:
in a first operating mode:
apply the current to the actuator with a predefined non-constant profile proceeding from a starting value of the current, at which the pin is in a position in which it permits the closure of the valve,
determine measurement values of the current temporally in succession, and
set a reference value of the current to the present measurement value of the current when the profile of the measurement values of the current deviates by a predefined magnitude from the profile of the current applied to the actuator, wherein the reference value of the current is representative of the actuator force corresponding to the spring force reduced by the predefined value, and
in a second operating mode, apply the reference value of the current to the actuator at the time within the interval before the natural opening time.
16. The electronic control device of claim 15 , wherein the spring is configured for opening the valve, and
wherein in the first operating mode, the current applied by the electronic control device decreases linearly proceeding from the starting value of the current, and at the starting value of the current, the actuator force is greater than the spring force.
17. The electronic control device of claim 15 , wherein the applied current is set as a function of a pulse width modulation.
18. The electronic control device of claim 15 , wherein the measurement values of the current are determined as a function of a voltage across a shunt resistor.
19. The electronic control device of claim 15 , wherein the reference value of the current is determined as a function of a temperature of a fluid in the valve or in a predefined region of the valve.
20. The electronic control device of claim 15 , wherein the valve is arranged in an injection system of an internal combustion engine, and the reference value of the current is determined as a function of characteristic values of the internal combustion engine.