Carbodiimides from trisubstituted aromatic isocyanates, a method for producing same, and the use of same
The invention relates to innovative carbodiimides, to a process for preparing them and to the use thereof as stabilizer, crosslinker and/or compatibilizer in thermoplastics, ester-based polyols for polyurethane applications, in rigid foam, in flexible foam or, for example, in CASE (Coatings Adhesives Sealants Elastomers) applications.
1. A carbodiimide of the formula (I)
in which:
R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 independently of one another, are each C 1 -C 20 -alkyl, C 3 -C 20 -cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 15 -aryl, or C 7 -C 15 -aralkyl,
R 7 is C 1 -C 18 -alkylene, C 5 -C 18 -cycloalkylene, and/or C 7 -C 18 -aralkylene, and
n is an integer from 1 to 500.
2. The carbodiimide a claimed in claim 1 , wherein the radicals R 1 to R 6 are identical.
3. The carbodiimide as claimed in claim 1 or 2 , wherein the radicals R 1 to R 6 are isopropyl.
4. The carbodiimide as claimed in claim 1 or 2 , wherein the C 7 -C 18 -aralkylene is tetramethylxylylene.
5. A process for preparing carbodiimides as claimed in claim 1 , the process comprising carbodiimidizing:
trisubstituted phenyl isocyanates of the formula (II)
and of the formula (III)
in which each R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 , independently of one another, is C 1 -C 20 -alkyl, C 3 -C 20 -cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 15 -aryl or C 7 -C 15 -aralkyl, and
compounds of the formula (IV)
in which R 7 is C 1 -C 18 -alkylene, C 5 -C 18 -cycloalkylene, and/or C 7 -C 18 -aralkylene, and p represents integers 0-500,
with elimination of carbon dioxide at temperatures of 40 to 200° C. in the presence of a catalyst.
6. The carbodiimides as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
R 7 is C 7 -C 18 -aralkylene, and
n is an integer from 1 to 50.
7. The carbodiimides as claimed claim 6 , wherein R 7 is tetramethylxylylene.
8. The carbodiimides as claimed in claim 6 , wherein:
each of the radicals R 1 to R 6 within the molecule are isopropyl; and
n is an integer from 4-50.
9. A carbodiimide mixture comprising a plurality of different carbodiimides of the formula (I)
in which:
R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 , independently of one another, are C 1 -C 20 -alkyl, C 3 -C 20 -cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 15 -aryl and/or C 7 -C 15 -aralkyl,
R 7 is C 1 -C 18 -alkylene, C 5 -C 18 -cycloalkylene, and/or C 7 -C 18 -aralkylene, and
n is an integer from 1 to 500.
10. The carbodiimides as claimed in claim 9 , wherein:
n varies per carbodiimide molecule and is an integer from 4 to 50; and
the radicals R 1 to R 6 within each molecule are each isopropyl.
11. A carbodiimide composition comprising carbodiimides of the formula (I)
wherein the carbodiimides are the same or different carbodiimides of the formula (I) and in which:
R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 , independently of one another, are each C 1 -C 20 -alkyl, C 3 -C 20 -cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 15 -aryl, or C 7 -C 15 -aralkyl,
R 7 is C 1 -C 18 -alkylene, C 5 -C 18 -cycloalkylene, alkyl-substituted arylene and/or C 7 -C 18 -aralkylene, and
n is an integer from 4 to 500.
12. The carbodiimides as claimed in claim 11 , wherein R 7 is singly to triply substituted C 1 -C 4 -alkyl-substituted arylene.
13. The carbodiimides as claimed claim 6 , wherein R 7 is triisopropylphenylene.
14. The carbodiimides as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the carbodiimides are the same and the radicals R 1 to R 6 are isopropyl.