Liquid crystal display device and method for manufacturing liquid crystal display device

1. A liquid crystal display device comprising

a pair of substrates,

a liquid crystal layer having a negative or positive dielectric constant anisotropy disposed between the pair of substrates,

an alignment film formed on at least one of the pair of substrates, and

a first polymer layer for controlling the alignment of liquid crystal molecules formed on the alignment film,

wherein the first polymer layer is formed by polymerization of one or more species of monomers added in the liquid crystal layer,

the alignment film is formed by subjecting a second polymer material to a photo-alignment treatment comprising exposure to polarized ultraviolet rays including a component with a wavelength of 300 nm or longer, the second polymer material containing a compound including a main chain that contains an imide structure and a side chain that contains a photoreactive functional group which includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a cinnamate group, a coumarin group, a chalcone group, a tolane group, and an azo benzene group, the main chain having an imidization ratio of more than 20% and less than 50%,

wherein the alignment film is a vertical alignment film when the liquid crystal layer has a negative dielectric constant anisotropy,

and the alignment film is a horizontal alignment film when the liquid crystal layer has a positive dielectric constant anisotropy;

and the one or more species of monomers are condensed aromatic compounds represented by the following chemical formula (1):

[Chem. 1]

P 1 -A 1 -P 1   (1)

wherein P 1 s are each independently an acrylate group or a methacrylate group; and A 1 is represented by the following chemical formula (2-1):

wherein a hydrogen atom in A 1 may be substituted with a halogen group, a methyl group, an ethyl group, or a propyl group.

2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 ,

wherein the photoreactive functional group absorbs light including a component with a wavelength of 300 nm or longer, and

the alignment film aligns the liquid crystal molecules in a substantially vertical direction to a surface of the alignment film.

3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 ,

wherein the photoreactive functional group absorbs light including a component with a wavelength of 300 nm or longer, and

the alignment film aligns the liquid crystal molecules in a substantially horizontal direction to a surface of the alignment film.

4. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 ,

wherein the one or more species of monomers generate radicals upon exposure to light including a component with a wavelength of 330 nm or longer.

5. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 ,

wherein one of the pair of substrates is an array substrate including a transparent substrate, an interlayer insulating film, and a pixel electrode disposed in this sequence toward the liquid crystal layer, and

the interlayer insulating film is formed of an organic material.

6. A method for producing a liquid crystal display device comprising the steps of:

injecting a liquid crystal composition containing a liquid crystal material and one or more species of monomers between a pair of substrates to form a liquid crystal layer having a negative or positive dielectric constant anisotropy;

forming an alignment film by applying an alignment film material to at least one of the pair of substrates and subjecting the alignment film material to a photo-alignment treatment comprising exposure to polarized ultraviolet rays including a component with a wavelength of 300 nm or longer,

wherein the alignment film material contains a compound including a main chain that contains an imide structure and a side chain that contains a photoreactive functional group which includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a cinnamate group, a coumarin group, a chalcone group, a tolane group, and an azo benzene group, the main chain having an imidization ratio of more than 20% and less than 50%,

wherein the alignment film is a vertical alignment film when the liquid crystal layer has a negative dielectric constant anisotropy, and

the alignment film is a horizontal alignment film when the liquid crystal layer has a positive dielectric constant anisotropy;

forming a polymer layer for controlling the alignment of liquid crystal molecules on the alignment film by exposing the liquid crystal composition to light to allow at least one of the one or more species of monomers to initiate polymerization, and the one or more species of monomers are condensed aromatic compounds represented by the following chemical formula (1):

[Chem. 3]

P 1 -A 1 -P 1   (1)

wherein P 1 s are each independently an acrylate group or a methacrylate group; and

A 1 is represented by the following chemical formula (2-1):

wherein a hydrogen atom in A 1 may be substituted with a halogen group, a methyl group, an ethyl group, or a propyl group.

7. The method for producing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 6 ,

wherein the alignment film aligns the liquid crystal molecules in a substantially vertical direction to a surface of the alignment film.

8. The method for producing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 6 ,

wherein the alignment film aligns the liquid crystal molecules in a substantially horizontal direction to a surface of the alignment film.

9. The method for producing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 6 ,

wherein the one or more species of monomers generate radicals upon exposure to light including a component with a wavelength of 330 nm or longer.

10. The method for producing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 6 ,

wherein one of the pair of substrates is an array substrate including a transparent substrate, an interlayer insulating film, and a pixel electrode disposed in this sequence toward a liquid crystal layer, and

the interlayer insulating film is formed of an organic material.

11. The method for producing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 6 ,

wherein the step of forming a polymer layer comprises light irradiation to a liquid crystal layer to which a threshold or higher voltage is applied to initiate the polymerization.

12. The method for producing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 6 ,

wherein the step of forming a polymer layer comprises light irradiation to a liquid crystal layer to which a threshold or higher voltage is not applied to initiate the polymerization.