Method of dialysis for removing protein-bound toxins from the blood of patients using high-frequency electromagnetic fields
The present invention relates to the use of a high-frequency electromagnetic field in method of dialysis where a dialyser is used for the exchange of substances, wherein the blood to be cleaned is exposed to a high-frequency electromagnetic field prior to and/or during contact with the dialyser, and to a dialysis machine for carrying out the use.
1. A method of removing protein-bound toxins from the blood of a patient comprising:
providing a dialysis machine including
a dialysate flow system,
a blood flow system,
a dialyser, and
a device configured to generate a high-frequency electromagnetic field;
applying the high-frequency electromagnetic field to the blood flow system prior to and/or along the dialyser in a manner to release uraemic toxins from protein-bound states during dialysis, such that the a percentage of uraemic toxins that are released from their protein-bound states is increased versus non-application of the high-frequency electromagnetic field during dialysis; and
dialyzing the released uraemic toxins from the blood flow system into the dialysate flow system.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein applying the high-frequency electromagnetic field in the percentage increasing manner includes applying the high-frequency electromagnetic field at a frequency of 1 MHz to 20 MHz and at an electric field strength of no more than 100 V/m.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein applying the high-frequency electromagnetic field in the percentage increasing manner includes applying the high-frequency electromagnetic field at a frequency that is constant over time.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein applying the high-frequency electromagnetic field in the percentage increasing manner includes applying the high-frequency electromagnetic field at a frequency that varies in a regular or irregular manner.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein applying the high-frequency electromagnetic field in the percentage increasing manner includes applying the high-frequency electromagnetic field to blood in the blood flow system prior to and/or along the dialyser for at least a second.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein applying the high-frequency electromagnetic field in the percentage increasing manner includes applying the high-frequency electromagnetic field having an electric field strength from 0.1 to 10 V/m.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein applying the high-frequency electromagnetic field in the percentage increasing manner includes the high-frequency electromagnetic field having an electric field density of ≤100 mT.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein dialyzing the released uraemic toxins from the blood flow system into the dialysate flow system includes circulating blood through the blood flow system, while circulating dialysate through the dialysate flow system, and wherein the dialyzing occurs while applying the high-frequency electromagnetic field to the blood flow system.
9. The method of claim 8 , which includes circulating blood through the blood flow system and dialysate through the dialysate flow system in opposite directions.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein dialyzing the released uraemic toxins from the blood flow system into the dialysate flow system includes passing the released uraemic toxins across at least one semipermeable membrane of the dialyser.
11. A method for treating a patient experiencing renal failure, the method comprising:
providing a dialyser configured to receive blood from the patient and dialysate on opposite sides of a semipermeable membrane;
generating a high-frequency electromagnetic field via a high-frequency coil, a high-frequency electrode or a high-frequency capacitor;
applying the high-frequency electromagnetic field to the blood in a manner so as to break bonds between uraemic toxins and plasma proteins, causing the uraemic toxins to be freed from the plasma proteins; and
removing the freed uraemic toxins from the blood, through the semipermeable membrane and into the dialysate while flowing blood and dialysate through the dialyser.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein generating the high-frequency electromagnetic field includes generating the high-frequency electromagnetic field at a frequency of 1 MHz to 20 MHz and at an electric field strength of no more than 100 V/m.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein generating the high-frequency electromagnetic field includes generating the high-frequency electromagnetic field at a frequency that is constant over time.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein generating the high-frequency electromagnetic field includes generating the high-frequency electromagnetic field at a frequency that varies in a regular or irregular manner.
15. The method of claim 11 , wherein generating the high-frequency electromagnetic field includes the high-frequency electromagnetic field having an electric field strength from 0.1 to 10 V/m.
16. The method of claim 11 , wherein generating the high-frequency electromagnetic field includes generating the high-frequency electromagnetic field having an electric field density of ≤100 mT.
17. The method of claim 11 , wherein applying the high-frequency electromagnetic field in the bond breaking manner includes applying the high-frequency electromagnetic field to blood in the blood flow system for at least a second.
18. The method of claim 11 , wherein applying the high-frequency electromagnetic field in the bond breaking manner includes applying the high-frequency electromagnetic field prior to and/or along the dialyser.
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein removing the freed uraemic toxins from the blood includes flowing blood and dialysate through the dialyser in opposite directions, while applying the high-frequency electromagnetic field to the blood.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein removing the freed uraemic toxins from the blood includes collecting dialysate containing the freed uraemic toxins in a container.