Apparatus and method for estimating voltage of secondary battery including blended material in electrode

1. A method for estimating a cathode voltage of a secondary battery which includes a cathode comprising a first cathode material and a second cathode material with different operating voltage ranges, the method comprising:

providing a circuit model comprising a first cathode material circuit and a second cathode material circuit connected to the first cathode material circuit in parallel, each circuit corresponding to the first cathode material and the second cathode material, respectively;

measuring a current of the secondary battery;

calculating a current flowing through the first cathode material circuit and the second cathode material circuit based on the circuit model while a current of the secondary battery is flowing;

calculating an open-circuit voltage according to SOC of the first cathode material and optionally an impedance voltage according to an impedance component of the first cathode material based on the current flowing through the first cathode material circuit;

calculating an open-circuit voltage according to SOC of the second cathode material and optionally an impedance voltage according to an impedance component of the second cathode material based on the current flowing through the second cathode material circuit; and

estimating the cathode voltage by using the open-circuit voltage and optionally the impedance voltage calculated for each circuit.

2. The method for estimating a cathode voltage of a secondary battery according to claim 1 , further comprising:

measuring an operation initiating voltage of the secondary battery after the secondary battery initiates charging or discharging; and

setting initial values of the SOCs of the first cathode material and the second cathode material by using the operation initiating voltage.

3. The method for estimating a voltage of a secondary battery according to claim 1 , further comprising:

setting initial values of an impedance voltage according to the impedance component of the first cathode material and an impedance voltage according to the impedance component of the second cathode material into 0 (zero).

4. The method for estimating a cathode voltage of a secondary battery according to claim 1 ,

wherein the SOCs of the first cathode material and the second cathode material are respectively changed by integrating currents flowing through the first cathode material circuit and the second cathode material circuit.

5. The method for estimating a cathode voltage of a secondary battery according to claim 3 ,

wherein the impedance voltage according to the impedance component of the first cathode material and the impedance voltage according to the impedance component of the second cathode material are respectively calculated by using an impedance voltage calculation equation derived from a connection relation and an electrical characteristic value of a circuit element constituting the corresponding impedance component.

6. The method for estimating a cathode voltage of a secondary battery according to claim 1 ,

wherein the impedance component of each circuit includes at least one circuit element selected from the group consisting of one or more resistance element, one or more capacity element, one or more inductor element and combinations thereof.

7. The method for estimating a cathode voltage of a secondary battery according to claim 1 ,

wherein the impedance component of each circuit includes a plurality of circuit elements, and

wherein the plurality of circuit elements are connected in series and/or in parallel.

8. The method for estimating a cathode voltage of a secondary battery according to claim 1 , further comprising:

storing the estimated cathode voltage of the secondary battery.

9. The method for estimating a cathode voltage of a secondary battery according to claim 1 , further comprising:

outputting the estimated cathode voltage of the secondary battery.

10. The method for estimating a cathode voltage of a secondary battery according to claim 1 , further comprising:

displaying the estimated cathode voltage of the secondary battery.

11. The method for estimating a cathode voltage of a secondary battery according to claim 1 , further comprising:

controlling charging or discharging of the secondary battery by using the estimated cathode voltage of the secondary battery.

12. A method for estimating an anode voltage of a secondary battery which includes an anode comprising a first anode material and a second anode material with different operating voltage ranges, the method comprising:

providing a circuit model comprising a first anode material circuit and a second anode material circuit connected to the first anode material circuit in parallel, each circuit corresponding to the first anode material and the second anode material, respectively;

measuring a current of the secondary battery;

calculating a current flowing through the first anode material circuit and the second anode material circuit based on the circuit model while a current of the secondary battery is flowing;

calculating an open-circuit voltage according to SOC of the first anode material and optionally an impedance voltage according to an impedance component of the first anode material based on the current flowing through the first anode material circuit;

calculating an open-circuit voltage according to SOC of the second anode material and optionally an impedance voltage according to an impedance component of the second anode material based on the current flowing through the second anode material circuit; and

estimating the anode voltage by using the open-circuit voltage and optionally the impedance voltage calculated for each circuit.

13. A method for estimating a voltage of a secondary battery which includes a cathode comprising a first cathode material and a second cathode material with different operating voltage ranges, an anode comprising a first anode material and a second anode material with different operating voltage ranges and a separator configured to separate the cathode and the anode, the method comprising:

providing a circuit model comprising a first anode material circuit, a second anode material circuit connected to the first anode material circuit in parallel, a first cathode material circuit and a second cathode material circuit connected to the first cathode material circuit in parallel, each circuit corresponding to the first anode material, the second anode material, the first cathode material and the second cathode material, respectively;

measuring a current of the secondary battery;

calculating a current flowing through the first anode material circuit, the second anode material circuit, the first cathode material circuit and the second cathode material circuit based on the circuit model while a current of the secondary battery is flowing;

calculating an open-circuit voltage according to SOC of the first anode material and optionally an impedance voltage according to an impedance component of the first anode material based on the current flowing through the first anode material circuit;

calculating an open-circuit voltage according to SOC of the second anode material and optionally an impedance voltage according to an impedance component of the second anode material based on the current flowing through the second anode material circuit;

calculating an open-circuit voltage formed according to SOC of the first cathode material and optionally an impedance voltage according to an impedance component of the first cathode material based on the current flowing through the first cathode material circuit;

calculating an open-circuit voltage according to SOC of the second cathode material and optionally an impedance voltage according to an impedance component of the second cathode material based on the current flowing through the second cathode material circuit; and

estimating the voltage of the secondary battery by using the open-circuit voltage and optionally the impedance voltage calculated for each circuit.

14. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium, wherein the method for estimating a cathode voltage of a secondary battery according to claim 1 is programmed and recorded.

15. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium, wherein the method for estimating a cathode voltage of a secondary battery according to claim 12 is programmed and recorded.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium, wherein the method for estimating a cathode voltage of a secondary battery according to claim 13 is programmed and recorded.