Fibrillated fibers for liquid filtration media
Fiber webs which are used in filter media are described herein. In some embodiments, the fiber webs include fibrillated fibers and optionally non-fibrillated fibers, amongst other optional components (e.g., binder resin). In some embodiments, the fiber webs include limited amounts of, or no, glass fiber. The respective characteristics and amounts of the fibrillated fibers are selected to impart desirable properties including mechanical properties and filtration properties (e.g., dust holding capacity and efficiency), amongst other benefits.
1. A filter media, comprising:
a first layer comprising a plurality of organic polymer fibers;
a second layer comprising a plurality of fibrillated fibers, wherein the second layer is a wet laid layer, the second layer has a lower air permeability than the first layer, and wherein the first and/or second layers comprises between 0 wt % to about 10 wt % of glass fibers; and
a third layer comprising synthetic polymer fibers, wherein the third layer is a non-wet laid layer, wherein the filter media can achieve a fuel-water separation efficiency of between about 60 to about 99.9%.
2. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the first layer has a first basis weight of greater than or equal to about 40 g/m 2 and less than about 300 g/m 2 .
3. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the second layer has a second basis weight of greater than or equal to about 3 g/m 2 and less than about 50g/m 2 .
4. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein a ratio of a basis weight of the first layer to a basis weight of the second layer is at least about 3:1 and less than about 5:1.
5. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the filter media comprises greater than about 5 wt % and less than or equal to about 60 wt % fibrillated fibers.
6. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the second layer comprising greater than or equal to about 60 wt % fibrillated fibers.
7. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the filter media comprises a gradient in the amount of a fibrillated fiber across the thickness of the filter media.
8. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the filter media has a liquid filtration efficiency of at least 99% for 4 microns or greater particles, wherein the efficiency is measured using a Multipass Filter Tests using a 25 mg/L base upstream gravimetric level (BUGL), a face velocity of 0.06 cm/s, and a 100 kPa terminal pressure following the ISO 16889/19438 procedure.
9. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the third layer comprises meltblown fibers, meltspun fibers, centrifugal spun fibers, or electrospun fibers.
10. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the second layer comprises a mixture of fibrillated fibers and non-fibrillated fibers.
11. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the third layer has a basis weight of greater than equal to about 5 g/m 2 and less than or equal to about 100 g/m 2 .
12. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the third layer has air permeability of less than about 100 cfm/sf.
13. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the third layer is positioned upstream of the first and second layers.
14. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the third layer is positioned upstream of the second layer, and the second layer is positioned upstream of the first layer.
15. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the first layer comprises cellulose fibers.
16. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the first layer is a wet laid layer, wherein the first layer comprises fibrillated fibers, wherein the second layer is positioned upstream of the first layer, and wherein the third layer is positioned downstream of the first layer.
17. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the third layer is positioned upstream of the first and second layers, wherein the second layer comprises fibrillated fibers, and wherein the first layer is a wet laid layer.
18. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the first layer is a wet laid layer and comprises fibrillated fibers, and wherein the third layer comprises meltblown fibers, meltspun fibers, centrifugal spun fibers, or electrospun fibers and is positioned downstream of the first layer.
19. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the first and second layers are substantially free of glass fibers.
20. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the third layer comprises meltblown fibers, meltspun fibers, centrifugal spun fibers, or electrospun fibers and wherein the third layer is positioned upstream of the second layer, and the second layer is positioned upstream of the first layer.
21. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the third layer comprises meltblown fibers, meltspun fibers, centrifugal spun fibers, or electrospun fibers and wherein the third layer is positioned upstream of the first and second layers and the second layer is wherein the third layer is positioned upstream of the first and second layers.
22. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the third layer is positioned upstream of the first and second layers and the first layer is positioned upstream of the second layer.