Electrowetting display device driving method
An electrowetting display device has at least one display element. The method of driving the display device comprises receiving data representing a display effect for display by the element. A driving scheme is selected for the display element in dependence on a characteristic of the data. The driving scheme is selected from at least an analog driving scheme and a pulse width modulation driving scheme.
1. A method of driving a display element of an electrowetting display device, the display element comprising a first fluid and a second fluid immiscible with the first fluid, the method comprising:
receiving data representing a display effect for display by the display element;
selecting a driving scheme for driving the display element to display the display effect, in dependence on a characteristic of the data and from at least:
a) an analog driving scheme in which an analog driving scheme voltage is applied to the display element to drive the display element to an analog driving scheme configuration of the first fluid and the second fluid corresponding to the display effect, the display effect depending on a magnitude of the analog driving scheme voltage; and
b) a pulse width modulation driving scheme in which:
a first pulse width modulation driving scheme voltage is applied to the display element to drive the display element to a first pulse width modulation driving scheme configuration of the first fluid and the second fluid, and
a second pulse width modulation driving scheme voltage is applied to the display element to drive the display element to a second pulse width modulation driving scheme configuration of the first fluid and the second fluid,
the first pulse width modulation driving scheme voltage being higher than the second pulse width modulation driving scheme voltage, the display effect depending on a first duration that the first pulse width modulation driving scheme voltage is applied to the display element and a second duration that the second pulse width modulation driving scheme voltage is applied to the display element; and
driving the display element using the driving scheme selected in dependence on the characteristic of the data.
2. A method according to claim 1 , in which the characteristic of the data represents a frame rate of driving the display element, the frame rate being indicative of a rate of consecutively addressing the display element to change the display effect of the display element.
3. A method according to claim 2 , comprising determining that the frame rate is lower than a predefined frame rate,
the selecting the driving scheme comprising selecting the analog driving scheme, and
the driving the display element comprising driving the display element using the analog driving scheme.
4. A method according to claim 2 , comprising:
determining that the frame rate is equal to or higher than a predefined frame rate,
the selecting the driving scheme comprising selecting the pulse width modulation driving scheme, and
the driving the display element comprising driving the display element using the pulse width modulation driving scheme.
5. A method according to claim 1 , the receiving data comprising:
receiving first display effect data representing a first display effect for display by the display element; and
receiving second display effect data representing a second display effect for display by the display element subsequent to display of the first display effect, the method further comprising:
comparing the first display effect data and the second display effect data to determine a difference value indicative of a change between the first display effect and the second display effect, the characteristic of the data representing the difference value.
6. A method according to claim 5 , the difference value representing a magnitude of the change between the first display effect and the second display effect.
7. A method according to claim 5 , the electrowetting display device having a plurality of display elements, the plurality of display elements comprising the display element, the difference value representing a number of display elements of the plurality of display elements with the change between the first display effect and the second display effect larger than a predefined change.
8. A method according to claim 5 , the electrowetting display device having a plurality of display elements, the plurality of display elements comprising the display element, the method further comprising:
arranging the change between the first display effect and the second display effect in a histogram of respective changes between a first display effect and a second display effect for each display element of the plurality of display elements; and
deriving the characteristic of the data from the histogram.
9. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the analog driving scheme is:
a DC driving scheme in which all voltages applied to the display element have the same polarity; or
an AC driving scheme in which voltages applied to the display element comprise at least two voltages respectively having different polarities.
10. A method according to claim 1 , wherein, in the pulse width modulation driving scheme:
the first pulse width modulation driving scheme voltage is a maximum voltage of a voltage range of voltages applicable to the display element for controlling the first fluid and the second fluid; and
the second pulse width modulation driving scheme voltage is a minimum voltage of the voltage range.
11. A display controller for driving a display element of an electrowetting display device, the display element comprising a first fluid and a second fluid immiscible with the first fluid, the display controller comprising at least one processor, and at least one memory comprising computer program instructions,
the at least one memory and the computer program instructions being configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the display controller to perform a method of driving the electrowetting display device comprising:
receiving data representing a display effect for display by the display element;
selecting a driving scheme for driving the display element to display the display effect, in dependence on a characteristic of the data and from at least:
a) an analog driving scheme in which an analog driving scheme voltage is applied to the display element to drive the display element to an analog driving scheme configuration of the first fluid and the second fluid corresponding to the display effect, the display effect depending on a magnitude of the analog driving scheme voltage; and
b) a pulse width modulation driving scheme in which:
a first pulse width modulation driving scheme voltage is applied to the display element to drive the display element to a first pulse width modulation driving scheme configuration of the first fluid and the second fluid, and
a second pulse width modulation driving scheme voltage is applied to the display element to drive the display element to a second pulse width modulation driving scheme configuration of the first fluid and the second fluid,
the first pulse width modulation driving scheme voltage being higher than the second pulse width modulation driving scheme voltage, the display effect depending on a first duration that the first pulse width modulation driving scheme voltage is applied to the display element and a second duration that the second pulse width modulation driving scheme voltage is applied to the display element; and
driving the display element using the driving scheme selected in dependence on the characteristic of the data.
12. A display controller according to claim 11 , in which the characteristic of the data represents a frame rate of driving the display element, the frame rate being indicative of a rate of consecutively addressing the display element to change the display effect of the display element.
13. A display controller according to claim 12 , comprising:
determining that the frame rate is lower than a predefined frame rate,
the selecting the driving scheme comprising selecting the analog driving scheme, and
the driving the display element comprising driving the display element using the analog driving scheme.
14. A display controller according to claim 12 , comprising:
determining that the frame rate is equal to or higher than a predefined frame rate,
the selecting the driving scheme comprising selecting the pulse width modulation driving scheme, and
the driving the display element comprising driving the display element using the pulse width modulation driving scheme.
15. A display controller according to claim 11 , the receiving data comprising:
receiving first display effect data representing a first display effect for display by the display element;
and
receiving second display effect data representing a second display effect for display by the display element subsequent to display of the first display effect, the method further comprising:
comparing the first display effect data and the second display effect data to determine a difference value indicative of a change between the first display effect and the second display effect, the characteristic of the data representing the difference value.
16. A display controller according to claim 15 , the difference value representing a magnitude of the change between the first display effect and the second display effect.
17. A display controller according to claim 15 , the electrowetting display device having a plurality of display elements, the plurality of display elements comprising the display element, the difference value representing a number of display elements of the plurality of display elements with the change between the first display effect and the second display effect larger than a predefined change.
18. A display controller according to claim 15 , the electrowetting display device having a plurality of display elements, the plurality of display elements comprising the display element, the method further comprising:
arranging the change between the first display effect and the second display effect for each display element of the plurality of display elements in a histogram; and
deriving the characteristic of the data from the histogram.
19. An electrowetting display apparatus comprising:
an electrowetting display device comprising a plurality of display elements, the plurality of display elements comprising a display element having:
a first support plate,
a second support plate,
a first fluid and a second fluid immiscible with the first fluid, the first fluid and the second fluid located between the first support plate and the second support plate,
at least one electrode configured to apply a voltage to change a configuration of the first fluid and the second fluid;
a display driver connected to the at least one electrode and configured to output the voltage to change the configuration of the first fluid and the second fluid; and
a display controller comprising at least one processor, and at least one memory comprising computer program instructions, the at least one memory and the computer program instructions being configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the display controller to, using the display driver, perform a method of driving the display element comprising:
receiving data representing a display effect for display by the display element;
selecting a driving scheme for driving the display element to display the display effect, in dependence on a characteristic of the data and from at least:
a) an analog driving scheme in which an analog driving scheme voltage is applied to the display element to drive the display element to an analog driving scheme configuration of the first fluid and the second fluid corresponding to the display effect, the display effect depending on a magnitude of the analog driving scheme voltage; and
b) a pulse width modulation driving scheme in which:
a first pulse width modulation driving scheme voltage is applied to the display element to drive the display element to a first pulse width modulation driving scheme configuration of the first fluid and the second fluid, and
a second pulse width modulation driving scheme voltage is applied to the display element to drive the display element to a second pulse width modulation driving scheme configuration of the first fluid and the second fluid,
the first pulse width modulation driving scheme voltage being higher than the second pulse width modulation driving scheme voltage, the display effect depending on a first duration that the first pulse width modulation driving scheme voltage is applied to the display element and a second duration that the second pulse width modulation driving scheme voltage is applied to the display element; and
driving the display element using the driving scheme selected in dependence on the characteristic of the data.
20. An electrowetting display device according to claim 19 , wherein the characteristic of the data represents a frame rate of driving the display element, the frame rate being indicative of a rate of consecutively addressing the display element to change the display effect of the display element.
21. An electrowetting display device according to claim 20 , comprising:
determining that the frame rate is lower than a predefined frame rate,
the selecting the driving scheme comprising selecting the analog driving scheme, and
the driving the display element comprising driving the display element using the analog driving scheme.
22. An electrowetting display device according to claim 20 , comprising:
determining that the frame rate is equal to or higher than a predefined frame rate,
the selecting the driving scheme comprising selecting the pulse width modulation driving scheme, and
the driving the display element comprising driving the display element using the pulse width modulation driving scheme.
23. An electrowetting display device according to claim 19 ,
the receiving data comprising:
receiving first display effect data representing a first display effect for display by the display element;
and
receiving second display effect data representing a second display effect for display by the display element subsequent to display of the first display effect, the method further comprising:
comparing the first display effect data and the second display effect data to determine a difference value indicative of a change between the first display effect and the second display effect, the characteristic of the data representing the difference value.