Nickel inks and oxidation resistant and conductive coatings
A conductive ink may include a nickel component, a polycarboxylic acid component, and a polyol component, the polycarboxylic acid component and the polyol component being reactable to form a polyester component. The polyester component may be formed in situ in the conductive ink from a polyol component and a polycarboxylic acid component. The conductive ink may include a carbon component. The conductive ink may include an additive component. The conductive ink may include nickel flakes, graphene flakes, glutaric acid, and ethylene glycol. The conductive ink may be printed (e.g., screen printed) on a substrate and cured to form a conductive film. A conductive film may include a nickel component and a polyester component.
1. A conductive ink for producing a conductive film comprising a polyester component, the conductive ink comprising:
a solvent;
a conductive nickel component comprising nickel particles having a longest dimension in a range of about 0.5 μm to about 50 μm;
a polycarboxylic acid component, wherein the polycarboxylic acid component is present in a range from 5 weight % to 15 weight % of the conductive ink; and
a polyol component, wherein the polyol component and the polycarboxylic acid component are present in amounts sufficient to react to form a polyester component.
2. The conductive ink of claim 1 , wherein the conductive nickel component comprises at least one of nickel flakes, nickel nanowires, nickel microwires, and nickel spheres.
3. The conductive ink of claim 1 , wherein the conductive nickel component is in a range from 35 weight % to 65 weight %, and wherein the polyol component is in a range from 15 weight % to 60 weight %.
4. The conductive ink of claim 1 , further comprising a conductive carbon component.
5. The conductive ink of claim 4 , wherein the conductive carbon component comprises at least one of graphene, graphite, carbon nanotubes, and carbon nanofibers.
6. The conductive ink of claim 4 , wherein the conductive carbon component comprises graphene flakes.
7. The conductive ink of claim 4 , wherein the conductive carbon component is less than 10 weight %.
8. The conductive ink of claim 1 , wherein the polycarboxylic acid component comprises a dicarboxylic acid.
9. The conductive ink of claim 8 , wherein the dicarboxylic acid comprises at least one of a propanedioic (malonic) acid, a butanedioic (succinic) acid, a pentanedioic (glutaric) acid, a hexanedioic (adipic) acid, a heptanedioic (pimelic) acid, a octanedioic (suberic) acid, a nonanedioic (azelaic) acid, a decanedioic (sebacic) acid, an undecanedioic acid, a dodecanedioic acid, a tridecanedioic (brassylic) acid, a tetradecanedioic acid, a pentadecanedioic acid, a hexadecanedioic (thapsic) acid, and an octadecanedioic acid.
10. The conductive ink of claim 1 , wherein the polyol component comprises at least one of a diol, a triol, a tetraol, and a pentaol.
11. The conductive ink of claim 1 , wherein the polyol component comprises at least one of glycerin, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, glycol ether, glycol ether acetates 1,4-butanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, etohexadiol, p-menthane-3,8-diol, and 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol.
12. The conductive ink of claim 6 , wherein the graphene flakes have a diameter of 100 nanometers to 50 micron.
13. The conductive ink of claim 6 , wherein the conductive nickel component comprises nickel flakes and wherein at least some of the graphene flakes are between at least some of the nickel flakes.
14. The conductive ink of claim 1 , wherein the conductive nickel component comprises nickel flakes and wherein the nickel flakes have a diameter of about 500 nanometers to about 30 microns.
15. The conductive ink of claim 1 , wherein the conductive ink comprises a viscosity of 5,000 centipoise (cP) to 11,000 cP at a temperature of 25° C.
16. The conductive ink of claim 1 , further comprising a corrosion inhibitor.
17. The conductive ink of claim 16 , wherein the corrosion inhibitor comprises at least one of N,N-diethylhydroxylamine, ascorbic acid, hydrazine, hexamine, phenylenediamine, benzotriazole, zinc dithiophosphate, tannic acid, zinc phosphate, and hexafluoroacetylacetone.
18. The conductive ink of claim 1 , wherein the polycarboxylic acid component comprises a tricarboxylic acid.
19. The conductive ink of claim 1 , wherein the solvent comprises at least one of a methanol, an ethanol, a N-propanol, a pentanol, a hexanol, an octanol, a cyclohexanol, a cyclopentanol, and a terpineol.