Method and apparatus for the manipulation and/or the detection of particles

1. A method for detection and/or characterization and/or quantification and/or recognition of cells or particles (BEAD) in aqueous suspension or aggregated in tissues comprising: measuring impedance between at least one first electrode connected to at least one first row signal and at least one second electrode diagonally adjacent to said first electrode, said second electrode being connected to at least one first column signal, said method being characterized in that said measurement between said at least two diagonally adjacent electrodes is made by evaluating the impedance given by a diagonal intersection of said first row signal and said first column signal.

2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of carrying out a detection and/or characterization and/or quantification and/or recognition of cells or particles in aqueous suspension using the measurement of impedance between at least one first electrode connected to at least one first row signal and at least one second electrode diagonally adjacent to said first electrode, said second electrode being connected to at least one first column signal, wherein said measurement between said at least two adjacent electrodes is made by evaluating the impedance given by a diagonal intersection of said first row signal and said first column signal.

3. An apparatus for detection and/or characterization and/or quantification and/or recognition of cells or particles (BEAD) in aqueous suspension or aggregated in tissues, comprising:

i. an array of groups of electrodes comprising a first group of electrodes aligned in columns and connected to column signals (Cj) common to all the groups of the same column and at least one second group of electrodes aligned in rows and connected to row signals (R 1 ) common to all the groups of the same row;

ii. at least one circuit for reading the impedance (Zcage_i,j) given by an diagonal intersection of a row signal (Ri) and a column signal (Cj); and

iii. a first signal-conditioning circuit (MRi) for distributing at least one voltage (Vin) to said row signals (Ri) and a second signal-conditioning circuit (MCj) for distributing said column signals (Cj) to said at least one read circuit; wherein

iv. said read circuit is configured to generate an output signal (Vout and/or out) which is affected by the value of the impedance (Zcage_ij) between a column (Cj) connected to said read circuit and a row (Ri) to which said voltage is applied.

4. The apparatus according to claim 3 , further comprising a circuit for reading the variation of impedance at one or more potential holes (CAGE) due to the presence of one or more particles (BEAD).

5. The apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein said circuit for reading the variation of impedance at one or more potential holes is configured such that at least one or more particles (BEAD) alter the value of impedance due to the diagonal intersection between at least one row (Ri) and at least one column (Cj) to which row signals (Ri) and column signals (Cj) are applied.

6. The apparatus according to claim 4 , characterized in that said circuit for reading the variation of impedance is configured to receive the same signals used for the creation of the distributions of said fields of force (F).

7. The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the first signal-conditioning circuit and/or the second signal conditioning circuit form a multiplexer.

8. An apparatus for detection and/or characterization and/or quantification and/or recognition of cells or particles (BEAD) in aqueous suspension or aggregated in tissues, comprising:

i. an array of groups of electrodes comprising a first group of electrodes aligned in columns and connected to column signals (Cj) common to all the groups of the same column and at least one second group of electrodes aligned in rows and connected to row signals (R 1 ) common to all the groups of the same row;

ii. at least one circuit for reading the impedance (Zcage_i,j) given by an intersection of a row (Ri) and a column (Cj); and

iiii. a first signal-conditioning circuit (MRi) for distributing at least one voltage (Vin) to said row signals (Ri) and a second signal-conditioning circuit (MCj) for distributing said column signals (Cj) to said at least one read circuit; wherein

iv. said read circuit is configured to generate an output signal (Vout and/or out) which is affected by the value of the impedance (Zcage_ij) between a column (Cj) connected to said read circuit and at row (Ri) to which said voltage is applied; and

v. said column signals (Cj) are obtained on a first substantially planar substrate (SUB) and said row signals (Ri) are obtained on a further substrate (LID) set at a distance from and facing said first substrate (SUB).