Cladding light stripper and method of manufacturing
A cladding stripper includes a plurality of transversal notches or grooves in the outer surface of an exposed inner cladding of a double clad optical fiber. Position and orientation of the notches can be selected to even out cladding light release along the cladding light stripper, enabling more even temperature distributions due to released cladding light. The notches on the optical fiber can be made with a laser ablation system.
1. A cladding light stripper comprising:
a double-clad optical fiber having a core for guiding signal light, an inner cladding surrounding the core, and an outer cladding surrounding the inner cladding,
the double-clad optical fiber including a stripped portion, and
the outer cladding being removed, thereby forming an exposed section of an outer surface of the inner cladding,
the exposed section including a plurality of transversal notches, disposed along the double-clad optical fiber, to enable light to escape the inner cladding upon impinging on the plurality of transversal notches,
each of the plurality of transversal notches having a depth of only a partial distance to the core,
each of the plurality of transversal notches having a pitch from 1 notch/cm to 1000 notches/cm, and
the plurality of transversal notches including at least 10 notches.
2. The cladding light stripper of claim 1 , wherein the core includes a dopant for amplifying the signal light when pumped by pump light guided by the inner cladding.
3. The cladding light stripper of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of transversal notches have a pitch gradually varying along a length of the exposed section.
4. The cladding light stripper of claim 3 , wherein the pitch varies between 2 notches/cm and 200 notches/cm.
5. The cladding light stripper of claim 1 , wherein at least one of:
respective depths of the plurality of transversal notches are between 5% and 20% of a diameter of the inner cladding, or
respective depths of the plurality of transversal notches are between 20 micrometers to 80 micrometers deep.
6. The cladding light stripper of claim 1 , wherein respective depths of the plurality of transversal notches gradually vary along a length of the exposed section.
7. The cladding light stripper of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of transversal notches are spaced along a length and around a circumference of the exposed section.
8. The cladding light stripper of claim 1 , wherein the stripped portion is at least 40 mm in length.
9. The cladding light stripper of claim 1 , wherein the exposed section comprises a curved section having a bend radius of between 50 cm and 200 cm.
10. The cladding light stripper of claim 1 , further comprising;
a heat sink for absorbing light that escapes the inner cladding and for dissipating heat produced by the absorbed light.
11. The cladding light stripper of claim 10 , wherein the heat sink forms a cavity around the stripped portion for intercepting the light escaped from the inner cladding,
the cavity having an absorbing portion and a reflecting portion for directing the escaped light to the absorbing portion,
wherein the absorbing portion is thermally connected to an external heat sink.
12. An optical fiber amplifier comprising:
the cladding light stripper of claim 1 ;
an amplifier double-clad optical fiber portion coupled to the double-clad optical fiber at a first end of the amplifier double-clad optical fiber portion, and
a pump diode optically coupled to a second opposing end of the amplifier double-clad optical fiber portion, for providing pump light for propagation from the second end to the first end of the amplifier double-clad optical fiber portion.
13. The optical fiber amplifier of claim 12 , wherein
the pump diode has a pump rating of at least 200 W, and
the cladding light stripper has a light stripping efficiency of at least 15 dB.
14. A fiber laser comprising the optical fiber amplifier of claim 13 and an oscillator optically coupled thereto.
15. A method of forming the cladding light stripper of claim 1 , the method comprising;
focusing a laser beam on the outer surface of the inner cladding in the exposed section to remove the inner cladding locally to form a transversal notch in the inner cladding; and
repeating the focusing of the laser beam a plurality of times at different locations along the exposed section.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the double-clad optical fiber is moved, while repeating the focusing of the laser beam, to create consequent notches.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein
a CO 2 laser is used to generate the laser beam,
the CO 2 laser is operated in a gated mode at a pulse duration of tens to hundreds of microseconds, and
the laser beam is focused to optical power densities between 100 kW/cm 2 and 200 kW/cm 2 .
18. The method according to claim 17 , wherein
the laser beam is focused to a focal spot size of 80 micrometers to 200 micrometers, and
the focal spot is shaped, or the laser beam is angled, to produce a desired shape of the notch.
19. The method according to claim 15 , wherein repeating the focusing of the laser beam includes automatically controlling a spacing between adjacent notches using a computer-controlled translation stage for displacing the double-clad optical fiber lengthwise.
20. The cladding light stripper of claim 10 , wherein the heat sink is disposed adjacent the stripped portion of the double-clad optical fiber.