Broadcast and multicast traffic reduction in stacking systems
Techniques for reducing broadcast and multicast traffic in a stacking system are provided. In one embodiment, a master device in the stacking system can automatically determine a minimal set of VLAN associations for stacking links in the stacking system. The minimal set of VLAN associations can avoid unnecessary transmission of broadcast or multicast packets through the system's topology.
1. A method comprising:
determining, by a master device in a stacking system, a minimal set of virtual local area network (VLAN) associations for stacking links in the stacking system,
wherein the determining is based on a set of single-source spanning trees calculated in view of the stacking system's topology, each single-source spanning tree defining one or more paths from a root device in the stacking system to one or more other devices in the stacking system,
wherein the minimal set of VLAN associations avoids transmission of broadcast or multicast traffic to each device in the stacking system that does not have a data port in a VLAN associated with the broadcast or multicast traffic, and
wherein the determining comprises:
for each single-source spanning tree in the set of single-source spanning trees, upon determining that the root device and a non-root device of the single-source spanning tree have one or more data ports in a common VLAN, creating a VLAN association between the common VLAN and each stacking link in a path between the root device and the non-root device in the single-source spanning tree.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the determining comprises:
creating a device VLAN bitmask for each device in the stacking system, wherein the device VLAN bitmask identifies VLANs of which the device's data ports are members.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the determining comprises:
creating a link VLAN bitmask for each stacking link in the stacking system, wherein the link VLAN bitmask represents VLAN associations for the stacking link; and
initializing each link VLAN bitmask to zero.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein the determining comprises:
for each single-source spanning tree in the set of single-source spanning trees:
for each non-root device in the single-source spanning tree:
creating a common bitmask by executing a logical AND of a device VLAN bitmask for the root device of the single-source spanning tree and a device VLAN bitmask for the non-root device; and
when the common bitmask is non-zero, walking up the single-source spanning tree from the non-root device to the root device.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein the walking comprises:
determining when a stacking link has been traversed; and
updating the link VLAN bitmask for the stacking link by executing a logical OR of the link VLAN bitmask and the common bitmask.
6. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
causing VLANs to be assigned to stacking ports in the stacking system in accordance with the minimal set of VLAN associations.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the master device re-determines the minimal set of VLAN associations when the stacking system's topology changes.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the master device re-determines the minimal set of VLAN associations when VLAN membership of one or more data ports in the stacking system changes.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the stacking system's topology is an arbitrary mesh-like topology.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein the stacking links comprise higher bandwidth links and lower bandwidth links.
11. A non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon program code executable by a processor, the program code comprising:
code that causes the processor to determine a minimal set of virtual local area network (VLAN) associations for stacking links in a stacking system,
wherein the determining is based on a set of single-source spanning trees calculated in view of the stacking system's topology, each single-source spanning tree defining one or more paths from a root device in the stacking system to one or more other devices in the stacking system,
wherein the minimal set of VLAN associations avoids transmission of broadcast or multicast traffic to each device in the stacking system that does not have a data port in a VLAN associated with the broadcast or multicast traffic, and
wherein the determining comprises:
for each single-source spanning tree in the set of single-source spanning trees, upon determining that the root device and a non-root device of the single-source spanning tree have one or more data ports in a common VLAN, creating a VLAN association between the common VLAN and each stacking link in a path between the root device and the non-root device in the single-source spanning tree.
12. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 11 wherein the code that causes the processor to determine the minimal set of VLAN associations comprises:
code that causes the processor to create a device VLAN bitmask for each device in the stacking system, wherein the device VLAN bitmask identifies VLANs of which the device's data ports are members.
13. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 11 wherein the code that causes the processor to determine the minimal set of VLAN associations comprises:
code that causes the processor to create a link VLAN bitmask for each stacking link in the stacking system, wherein the link VLAN bitmask represents VLAN associations for the stacking link; and
initialize each link VLAN bitmask to zero.
14. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 13 wherein the code that causes the processor to determine the minimal set of VLAN associations comprises:
for each single-source spanning tree in the set of single-source spanning trees:
for each non-root device in the single-source spanning tree:
code that causes the processor to create a common bitmask by executing a logical AND of a device VLAN bitmask for the root device of the single-source spanning tree and a device VLAN bitmask for the non-root device; and
when the common bitmask is non-zero, code that causes the processor to walk up the single-source spanning tree from the non-root device to the root device.
15. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 14 wherein the code that causes the processor to walk up the single-source spanning tree comprises:
code that causes the processor to determine when a stacking link has been traversed; and
code that causes the processor to update the link VLAN bitmask for the stacking link by executing a logical OR of the link VLAN bitmask and the common bitmask.
16. A network device comprising:
a processor; and
a non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon program code which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to determine a minimal set of virtual local area network (VLAN) associations for stacking links in a stacking system,
wherein the determining is based on a set of single-source spanning trees calculated in view of the stacking system's topology, each single-source spanning tree defining one or more paths from a root device in the stacking system to one or more other devices in the stacking system,
wherein the minimal set of VLAN associations avoids transmission of broadcast or multicast traffic to each device in the stacking system that does not have a data port in a VLAN associated with the broadcast or multicast traffic, and
wherein the determining comprises:
for each single-source spanning tree in the set of single-source spanning trees, upon determining that the root device and a non-root device of the single-source spanning tree have one or more data ports in a common VLAN, creating a VLAN association between the common VLAN and each stacking link in a path between the root device and the non-root device in the single-source spanning tree.
17. The network device of claim 16 wherein the program code that causes the processor to determine the minimal set of VLAN associations comprises:
code that causes the processor to create a device VLAN bitmask for each device in the stacking system, wherein the device VLAN bitmask identifies VLANs of which the device's data ports are members.
18. The network device of claim 16 wherein the program code that causes the processor to determine the minimal set of VLAN associations comprises:
code that causes the processor to create a link VLAN bitmask for each stacking link in the stacking system, wherein the link VLAN bitmask represents VLAN associations for the stacking link; and
initialize each link VLAN bitmask to zero.
19. The network device of claim 18 wherein the program code that causes the processor to determine the minimal set of VLAN associations comprises:
for each single-source spanning tree in the set of single-source spanning trees:
for each non-root device in the single-source spanning tree:
code that causes the processor to create a common bitmask by executing a logical AND of a device VLAN bitmask for the root device of the single-source spanning tree and a device VLAN bitmask for the non-root device; and
when the common bitmask is non-zero, code that causes the processor to walk up the single-source spanning tree from the non-root device to the root device.
20. The network device of claim 19 wherein the program code that causes the processor to walk up the single-source spanning tree comprises:
code that causes the processor to determine when a stacking link has been traversed; and
code that causes the processor to update the link VLAN bitmask for the stacking link by executing a logical OR of the link VLAN bitmask and the common bitmask.