Articles containing precisely branched functional polymeric phase change materials
A temperature regulating article comprises a substrate and a polymeric phase change material bound to the substrate, wherein the polymeric phase change material is characterized by including a precisely branched polymer with substantially equally spaced repeating sidechains. In other embodiments the polymeric phase change material includes between 20 and 200 branches per 1000 carbon units, has a latent heat of at least 5 Joules per gram, and a transition temperature between 0° C. and 40° C.
1. A temperature regulating article comprising:
a substrate; and
a temperature regulating composition bound to the substrate; wherein the temperature regulating composition comprises
a polymeric phase change material bound to the substrate, wherein the polymeric phase change material includes a branched polymer with equally spaced repeating sidechains each separated by at least three carbon backbone atoms, wherein the number of carbon backbone atoms between sidechains controls a degree of crystallization of the polymeric phase change material at a given transition temperature, wherein the polymeric phase change material includes between 20 and 200 branches per 1000 carbon atoms,
wherein the polymeric phase change material has a latent heat of at least 5 Joules per gram and a transition temperature between 0° C. and 40° C. dependent upon the number of carbon backbone atoms between sidechains, and
wherein the sidechains are selected from the group consisting of CH 3 , C 2 H 5 , C n H 2n+1 , OCH 3 , and OC 2 H 5 .
2. The temperature regulating article of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric phase change material includes a mole percentage of the branches of between 4% and 50%.
3. The temperature regulating article of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric phase change material includes a weight percentage of the branches of between 5% and 50%.
4. The temperature regulating article of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric phase change material includes between 20 and 45 branch units per 1000 carbon atoms.
5. The temperature regulating article of claim 1 , wherein the branches are methyl branches derived from propylene as the comonomer.
6. The temperature regulating article of claim 5 , wherein the propylene is 20-30 mole percentage of the polymer.
7. The temperature regulating article of claim 5 , wherein propylene is between 27-39 weight percentage of the polymer.
8. The temperature regulating article of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the branches are selected from the group consisting of CH 3 and a functional group.
9. The temperature regulating article of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the branches are selected from the group consisting of a functional group, a polar group, a halogen group, a salt, a metal, a catalyst end, and a crosslinking group.
10. The temperature regulating article of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the branches have a degree of stereocontrol associated with them.
11. The temperature regulating article of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the branches is controlled for chirality to yield L-chiral homo and copolymers.
12. The temperature regulating article of claim 1 , wherein the polymer has a degree of unsaturation.
13. The temperature regulating article of claim 12 , wherein the unsaturation is between 1-99 mole percentage.
14. The temperature regulating article of claim 1 , wherein the polymer includes double bonded atoms.
15. The temperature regulating article of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is selected from the group consisting of a fiber composition, a film composition, a laminated film composition and a coating composition.
16. A temperature regulating composition, comprising:
a polymeric phase change material, wherein the polymeric phase change material includes a branched polymer with equally spaced repeating sidechains each separated by at least three carbon backbone atoms, wherein the number of carbon backbone atoms between sidechains controls a degree of crystallization of the polymeric phase change material at a given transition temperature, wherein the polymeric phase change material includes between 20 and 200 branches per 1000 carbon atoms,
wherein the polymeric phase change material has a latent heat of at least 5 Joules per gram and a transition temperature between 0° C. and 40° C. dependent upon the number of carbon backbone atoms between sidechains, and
wherein the sidechains are selected from the group consisting of CH 3 , C 2 H 5 , C n H 2n+1 , OCH 3 , and OC 2 H 5 .
17. The temperature regulating article of claim 16 , wherein the polymeric phase change material includes a mole percentage of the branches of between 4% and 50%.
18. The temperature regulating article of claim 16 , wherein the polymeric phase change material includes a weight percentage of the branches of between 5% and 50%.
19. The temperature regulating article of claim 16 , wherein the polymeric phase change material includes between 20 and 45 branch units per 1000 carbon atoms.
20. The temperature regulating article of claim 16 , wherein the branches are methyl branches derived from propylene as a comonomer.
21. A temperature regulating composition, comprising:
a polymeric phase change material, wherein the polymeric phase change material includes a branched polymer with equally spaced repeating sidechains each separated by at least three carbon backbone atoms, wherein the number of carbon backbone atoms between sidechains controls a degree of crystallization of the polymeric phase change material at a given transition temperature, wherein the polymeric phase change material includes between 20 and 200 branches per 1000 carbon atoms,
wherein the polymeric phase change material has a latent heat of at least 5 Joules per gram and a transition temperature between 0° C. and 100° C. dependent upon the number of carbon backbone atoms between sidechains, and
wherein the sidechains are selected from the group consisting of CH 3 , C 2 H 5 , C n H 2n+1 , OCH 3 , and OC 2 H 5 .
22. The temperature regulating article of claim 21 , wherein the polymeric phase change material includes a mole percentage of the branches of between 4% and 50%.
23. The temperature regulating article of claim 21 , wherein the polymeric phase change material includes a weight percentage of the branches of between 5% and 50%.
24. The temperature regulating article of claim 21 , wherein the polymeric phase change material includes between 20 and 45 branch units per 1000 carbon atoms.
25. The temperature regulating article of claim 21 , wherein the branches are methyl branches derived from propylene as a comonomer.