Sandwich of impact resistant material
A sandwich of impact resistant material comprising: a first tile comprising a plurality of nano-particles bonded together, wherein the nano-structure of the nano-particles is present in the first tile and the first tile comprises a hardness value; a second tile comprising a plurality of nano-particles bonded together, wherein the nano-structure of the nano-particles is present in the second tile and the second tile comprises a hardness value; and a third tile comprising a plurality of nano-particles bonded together, wherein the nano-structure of the nano-particles is present in the third tile and the third tile comprises a hardness value, wherein the second tile is coupled in between the first tile and the third tile, and the second tile comprises a hardness value greater than the first tile and the third tile.
1. An impact resistant material comprising:
a first tile comprising a first plurality of nano-particles;
a second tile comprising a second plurality of nano-particles; and
a third tile comprising a third plurality of nano-particles,
wherein the second tile is between the first tile and the third tile, and the second tile has a hardness value greater than the first tile and the third tile.
2. The impact resistant material of claim 1 , wherein:
the hardness value of the first tile is between 1000 and 1500 HV;
the hardness value of the second tile is between 2500 and 3500 HV; and
the hardness value of the third tile is between 1000 and 1500 HV.
3. The impact resistant material of claim 1 , wherein the first and third pluralities of nano-particles comprise silicon nitride nano-particles.
4. The sandwich of impact resistant material of claim 1 , wherein the second plurality of nano-particles comprise tungsten carbide nano-particles, tantalum carbide nano-particles, or titanium carbide nano-particles.
5. The impact resistant material of claim 1 , wherein the first, second, and third pluralities of nano-particles comprise an average grain size of 1 to 10 nanometers.
6. The impact resistant material of claim 1 , wherein the first, second, and third pluralities of nano-particles comprise an average grain size of 10 to 50 nanometers.
7. The impact resistant material of claim 1 , wherein the first, second, and third pluralities of nano-particles comprise an average grain size of 50 to 100 nanometers.
8. The impact resistant material of claim 1 , wherein the first, second, and third pluralities of nano-particles comprise an average grain size of 100 to 250 nanometers.
9. The impact resistant material of claim 1 , wherein the first, second, and third pluralities of nano-particles comprise an average grain size of 250 to 500 nanometers.
10. The impact resistant material of claim 1 , further comprising a first adhesive layer between the first and second tiles and a second adhesive layer between the second and third tiles.
11. The impact resistant material of claim 1 , further comprising a ductile backing layer coupled to the third tile on a side opposite the second tile.
12. The impact resistant material of claim 11 , wherein the ductile backing layer comprises an adhesive layer.
13. The impact resistant material of claim 11 , wherein the ductile backing layer comprises:
a layer of polyethylene fibers; and
an adhesive material.
14. The impact resistant material of claim 1 , wherein the first, second, and third pluralities of nano-particles are plasma-created.
15. The impact resistant material of claim 1 , wherein the first, second, and third tiles are sintered together using a spark plasma sintering process.
16. The impact resistant material of claim 1 , wherein the first, second, and third tiles are formed by performing a spark plasma sintering process on the first, second, and third pluralities of the nano-particles, respectively.
17. The impact resistant material of claim 1 , wherein the first, second, and third pluralities of nano-particles are bonded together such that a nano-structure of the first, second and third pluralities of nano-particles are present in the first, second, and third tiles, respectively.
18. The impact resistant material of claim 1 , wherein the first, second, and third tiles further comprise a ceramic material.
19. The impact resistant material of claim 18 , wherein the ceramic material comprises an oxide ceramic material.
20. The impact resistant material of claim 18 , wherein the ceramic material comprises silicon carbide, boron carbide, or a combination thereof.