Repositionable endoluminal support structure and its applications
An endo luminal support structure includes strut members interconnected by swivel joints to form a series of linked scissor mechanisms. The structure can be remotely actuated to compress or expand its shape by adjusting the scissor joints within a range of motion. In particular, the support structure can be repositioned within the body lumen or retrieved from the lumen. The support structure can be employed to introduce and support a prosthetic valve within a body lumen.
1. A prosthetic valve comprising:
an annular support structure comprising a plurality of strut members connected together by a plurality of swivel joints to define an inlet end of the support structure, an outlet end of the support structure, and a longitudinal axis extending from the inlet end to the outlet end, and an outer surface facing away from the longitudinal axis, each of the strut members extending from the inlet end to the outlet end of the support structure;
wherein the plurality of swivel joints are configured to allow the strut members to rotate relative to each other that the support structure is incrementally and reversibly adjustable between a compressed state and an expanded state,
wherein the plurality of strut members form an hourglass shape in the expanded state,
wherein each swivel joint comprises an axis of rotation substantially normal to the outer surface; and
a plurality of valve leaflets mounted inside of the support structure and positioned entirely between the inlet end and the outlet end of the support structure.
2. The prosthetic valve of claim 1 , wherein the strut members are curved.
3. The prosthetic valve of claim 1 , wherein the strut members are curved in the expanded state.
4. The prosthetic valve of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of strut members comprise a plurality of inner strut members and a plurality of outer strut members.
5. The prosthetic valve of claim 4 , wherein the inner strut members have a curvature in one direction, and the outer strut members have a curvature in another direction.
6. The prosthetic valve of claim 4 , wherein each of the plurality of swivel joints connects an inner strut member and an outer strut member.
7. The prosthetic valve of claim 1 , further comprising an actuation mechanism attached to the support structure, wherein the actuation mechanism has an adjustable length.
8. The prosthetic valve of claim 7 , wherein the actuation mechanism is configured to exert a force parallel to the longitudinal axis.
9. The prosthetic valve of claim 1 , wherein adjacent sides of adjacent leaflets are paired together to form commissures that are fastened to the support structure at circumferentially spaced apart locations.
10. The prosthetic valve of claim 1 , wherein, in the expanded state, each of the plurality of strut members extends across a waist of the hourglass shape.
11. A prosthetic valve comprising:
a plurality of curved strut members assembled together by a plurality of swivel joints to form an annular stent, the assembly of curved strut members defining an inlet end, an outlet end, a middle, and an outer surface of the assembly, and the assembly having a compressed state and an expanded state;
wherein an annular circumference at the middle is less than annular circumferences at the inlet or. outlet ends when the assembly is in the expanded state,
wherein each strut member extends from the inlet end to the outlet end,
wherein each swivel joint comprises an axis of rotation substantially normal to the outer surface; and
a plurality of valve leaflets mounted inside of the annular stent and positioned entirely between the inlet end and the outlet end of the annular stent.
12. The prosthetic valve of claim 11 , wherein the plurality of curved strut members comprises a plurality of inner strut members and a plurality of outer strut members.
13. The prosthetic valve of claim 12 , wherein the inner strut members have a curvature in one direction, and the outer strut members have a curvature in another direction.
14. The prosthetic valve of claim 12 , wherein each of the plurality of swivel joints connects an inner strut member and an outer strut member.
15. The prosthetic valve of claim 11 , wherein adjacent sides of adjacent leaflets are paired together to form commissures that are fastened to the annular stent at circumferentially spaced apart locations.