Dual polarity LED lighting device
A lighting device is described that includes a voltage source, a substrate, a wiring, a first light emitting diode (LED) and a second LED, a first electrical conductive element (ECE) and a second ECE, and a transparent, conductive sheet material. The wiring is formed on the substrate, and is connected to the voltage source. The first LED and the second LED are formed on the wiring. The first ECE and the second ECE are formed on the wiring. The sheet material is laminated onto the first and second LEDs and the first and second ECEs. The first and second LEDs are electrically connected in parallel and have opposite polarities. A sheet resistance exists between the first ECE and the first LED and between the second ECE and the second LED.
1. A lighting device, comprising:
a voltage source;
a principal substrate;
a conductive wiring formed on the principal substrate, and connected to the voltage source;
a first light emitting diode (LED) and a second LED formed on the conductive wiring;
a first electrical connection element (ECE) and a second ECE formed on the conductive wiring; and
a transparent, conductive sheet material that is laminated onto the first and second LEDs and the first and second ECEs, wherein
the first and second ECEs electrically connect the principal substrate to the transparent, conductive sheet material,
the first and second LEDs are electrically connected in parallel and have opposite polarities, and
a sheet resistance exists between the first ECE and the first LED and between the second ECE and the second LED.
2. The lighting device according to claim 1 , wherein
the voltage source may be a positive voltage source or a negative voltage source, and
one of the first LED and the second LED illuminates and clamps the voltage to an amount that is less than a breakdown voltage of the non-illuminated one of the first LED and the second LED.
3. The lighting device according to claim 1 , wherein
the voltage source may be a positive voltage source or a negative voltage source, and
the first LED, the first ECE, the second LED, and the second ECE comprise a first functional conductive pattern such that when the conductive wiring is connected with the voltage source only one of the first LED and the second LED illuminates and clamps the voltage, while the other of the first LED and the second LED does not illuminate and does not break down.
4. The lighting device according to claim 2 , wherein
the voltage source is an alternating current (AC) voltage source.
5. The lighting device according to claim 3 , further comprising
one or more additional functional conductive patterns connected in series with the first functional conductive pattern, each additional functional conductive pattern comprising a first additional LED, a second additional LED, a first additional ECE, and a second additional ECE that are connected in a manner similar to the first LED, the second LED, the first ECE, and the second ECE, respectively, in the first functional conductive pattern, wherein
a sheet resistance exists in each additional functional conductive pattern between the first additional ECE and the first additional LED and between the second additional ECE and the second additional LED, and
one LED in each additional functional conductive pattern illuminates and clamps the voltage such that the other LED in the respective functional conductive pattern does not illuminate and does not break down.
6. The lighting device according to claim 5 , wherein
each ECE and LED between which a sheet resistance exists is electrically isolated from every other ECE and LED between which a sheet resistance exists.
7. A lighting device, comprising:
a voltage source;
a principal substrate;
a conductive wiring formed on the principal substrate, and connected to the voltage source;
a first set of plural, parallel light emitting diodes (LEDs) formed on the conductive wiring and a second set of plural, parallel LEDs formed on the conductive wiring;
a first set of one or more electrical connection elements (ECE) formed on the conductive wiring and a second set of one or more ECEs formed on a parallel conductive wiring; and
a transparent, conductive sheet material that is laminated onto all the LEDs in the first and second sets of plural, parallel LEDs and all the ECEs in the first and second sets of one or more ECEs, wherein
each ECE in the first set of one or more ECEs and the second set of one or more ECEs electrically connects the principal substrate to the transparent, conductive sheet material,
the first and second sets of LEDs are electrically connected in parallel, all the LEDs in the first set of plural, parallel LEDs having opposite polarities from all the LEDs in the second set of plural, parallel LEDs, and
a sheet resistance exists between each ECE in the first set of one or more ECEs and the first set of plural, parallel LEDs and between each ECE in the second set of one or more ECEs and the second set of plural, parallel LEDs.
8. The lighting device according to claim 7 , wherein
the voltage source may be a positive voltage source or a negative voltage source, and
one of one or more LEDs of the first set of plural, parallel LEDs and one or more LEDs of the second set of plural, parallel LEDs illuminates and clamps the voltage to an amount that is less than a breakdown voltage of the non-illuminated LEDs of the one or more LEDs of the first set of plural, parallel LEDs and one or more LEDs of the second set of plural.
9. The lighting device according to claim 7 , wherein
the voltage source may be a positive voltage source or a negative voltage source, and
the first set of plural, parallel LEDs, the second set of plural, parallel LEDs, the first set of one or more ECEs, and the second set of one or more ECEs comprise a first functional conductive pattern such that
when the conductive wiring is connected with the voltage source, one of one or more LEDs of the first set of plural, parallel LEDs and one or more of LEDs of the second set of plural, parallel LEDs illuminate and clamp the voltage while the other of the one or more LEDs of the first set of plural, parallel LEDs and the one or more LEDs of the second set of plural, parallel LEDs does not illuminate and does not break down.
10. The lighting device according to claim 8 , wherein
the voltage source is an alternating current (AC) voltage source.
11. The lighting device according to claim 9 , further comprising:
one or more additional functional conductive patterns connected in series with the first functional conductive pattern, each additional functional conductive pattern comprising an additional first set of plural, parallel LEDs, an additional second set of plural parallel LEDs, an additional first set of one or more ECEs, and an additional second set of one or more ECEs that are connected in a similar manner to the first set of plural, parallel LEDs, the second set of plural LEDs, the first set of one or more ECEs, and the second set of one or more ECEs in the first functional conductive pattern, wherein
a sheet resistance is created in each additional function conductive pattern between each ECE in the additional first set of one or more ECEs and the additional first set of plural, parallel LEDs and between each ECE in the additional second set of one or more ECEs and the additional second set of plural, parallel LEDs, and
in each additional conductive pattern, one of one or more LEDs of the additional first set of plural, parallel LEDs and one or more LEDs of the additional second set of plural, parallel LEDs illuminate and clamp the voltage while the other of the one of one or more LEDs of the additional first set of plural, parallel LEDs and the one or more LEDs of the additional second set of plural, parallel LEDs does not illuminate and does not break down.
12. The lighting device according to claim 11 , wherein
each set of one or more ECEs and set of plural, parallel LEDs between which a sheet resistance exists is electrically isolated from every other set of one or more ECEs and set of plural, parallel LEDs between which a sheet resistance exists.