Hollow fiber membrane having hexagonal voids
Disclosed is a hollow fiber membrane having hexagonal voids, suitable for use in high throughput filtration applications. Thus, the membrane includes (i) an inner surface; (ii) an outer surface; and (iii) a porous bulk disposed therebetween, wherein the porous bulk comprises at least a first region including: a) a first set of pores having a first controlled pore size and having outer rims; b) a second set of pores connecting the outer rims of the first set of pores, wherein the pore size of the first set of pores is greater than the pore size of the second set of pores; and c) a polymer matrix supporting the first set of pores. Also disclosed is a method for preparing such hollow fiber membranes, which involves coating a filament with a coating composition that includes a membrane-forming polymer and dissolvable nanoparticles, followed by phase invention, and dissolving of the nanoparticles. The filament is removed to obtain the hollow fiber membrane.
1. A hollow fiber membrane comprising:
(i) an inner surface;
(ii) an outer surface; and
(iii) a porous bulk disposed between the inner surface and the outer surface,
wherein the porous bulk comprises at least a first region including: a) a first set of pores having a first controlled pore size and having outer rims; b) a second set of pores connecting the outer rims of the first set of pores, wherein the pore size of the first set of pores is about 570 nm and the pore size of the second set of pores is about 310 nm; and c) a first polymer matrix supporting the first set of pores and the second set of pores, wherein the porous bulk further comprises at least a second region including: d) a third set of pores having outer rims; e) a fourth set of pores connecting the outer rims of the third set of pores, wherein the pore size of the third set of pores is about 171 nm and the pore size of the fourth set of pores is about 93 nm; and (f) a second polymer matrix supporting the third set of pores and the fourth set of pores; or
wherein the porous bulk comprises at least a first region including: a) a first set of pores having a first controlled pore size and having outer rims; b) a second set of pores connecting the outer rims of the first set of pores, wherein the pore size of the first set of pores is about 310 nm and the pore size of the second set of pores is about 570 nm; and c) a first polymer matrix supporting the first set of pores and the second set of pores, wherein the porous bulk further comprises at least a second region including: d) a third set of pores having outer rims; e) a fourth set of pores connecting the outer rims of the third set of pores, wherein the pore size of the third set of pores is about 93 nm and the pore size of the fourth set of pores is about 171 nm; and (f) a second polymer matrix supporting the third set of pores and the fourth set of pores;
wherein each of the first and second polymer matrices comprises a polymer selected from polyethersulfone (PES), polyether ether sulfone, bisphenol A polysulfone, polyphenylsulfone, a polyvinylidene halide, a polyolefin, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyacrylonitrile, a cellulosic polymer, a fluoropolymer, and polyetherether ketone (PEEK);
wherein the first set of pores has a hexagonal structure and hollow fiber membrane has a void volume fraction of about 66% to 74%.
2. A method of filtering a fluid, the method comprising passing the fluid through the hollow fiber membrane of claim 1 .
3. The hollow fiber membrane of claim 1 , wherein each of the first and second polymer matrices comprises polyethersulfone, polyacrylonitrile, or a fluoropolymer.
4. The hollow fiber membrane of claim 3 , wherein each of the first and second polymer matrices comprises polyethersulfone.
5. The hollow fiber membrane of claim 1 , wherein the porous bulk comprises at least a first region including: a) a first set of pores having a first controlled pore size and having outer rims; b) a second set of pores connecting the outer rims of the first set of pores, wherein the pore size of the first set of pores is 570 nm and the pore size of the second set of pores is 310 nm; and c) a first polymer matrix supporting the first set of pores and the second set of pores, wherein the porous bulk further comprises at least a second region including: d) a third set of pores having outer rims; e) a fourth set of pores connecting the outer rims of the third set of pores, wherein the pore size of the third set of pores is about 171 nm and the pore size of the fourth set of pores is about 93 nm; and (f) a second polymer matrix supporting the third set of pores and the fourth set of pores.
6. The hollow fiber membrane of claim 1 , wherein the porous bulk comprises at least a first region including: a) a first set of pores having a first controlled pore size and having outer rims; b) a second set of pores connecting the outer rims of the first set of pores, wherein the pore size of the first set of pores is 310 nm and the pore size of the second set of pores is 570 nm; and c) a first polymer matrix supporting the first set of pores and the second set of pores, wherein the porous bulk further comprises at least a second region including: d) a third set of pores having outer rims; e) a fourth set of pores connecting the outer rims of the third set of pores, wherein the pore size of the third set of pores is 93 nm and the pore size of the fourth set of pores is 171 nm; and (f) a second polymer matrix supporting the third set of pores and the fourth set of pores.