Composite porous polymeric membrane with high void volume
Composite membranes comprising a layer having first and second microporous surfaces and a bulk between the surfaces, the bulk comprising a first set of pores having outer rims, and a second set of pores connecting the rims, and a polymer matrix supporting the first set of pores; and, a second layer having first and second porous surfaces and a second bulk between the porous surfaces, wherein the second bulk comprises a fibrous matrix; or, first and second microporous surfaces and a second bulk between the microporous surfaces, the second bulk comprising: a third set of pores having outer rims and a fourth set of pores connecting the rims, and a polymer matrix supporting the third set of pores; a third set of pores prepared by phase inversion; or, a fibrous matrix; or, a third set of pores prepared by stretching, track etching or e-beam, are disclosed.
1. A composite microporous membrane comprising
(A) a first layer having
(i) a first layer first microporous surface;
(ii) a first layer second microporous surface; and,
(iii) a first porous bulk between the first layer first microporous surface and the first layer second microporous surface, wherein the first porous bulk comprises a first set of hexagonally packed pores having outer rims, prepared by removing introduced dissolvable silica nanoparticles, the first set of pores having a first controlled pore size, and a second set of pores connecting the outer rims of the first set of pores, the second set of pores having a second controlled pore size, and a first polymer matrix supporting the first set of pores, wherein the first polymer matrix comprises a polyethersulfone polymer, and wherein the first controlled pore size is greater than the second controlled pore size; and,
(B) a second layer having
(i) a second layer first porous surface;
(ii) a second layer second porous surface; and,
(iii) a second porous bulk between the second layer first porous surface and the second layer second porous surface, wherein the second porous bulk comprises a stretched polyethylene membrane;
and
(C) a third layer having
(i) a third layer first microporous surface;
(ii) a third layer second microporous surface; and,
(iii) a third porous bulk between the third layer first microporous surface and the third layer second microporous surface, wherein the third porous bulk comprises a third set of hexagonally packed pores having outer rims, prepared by removing introduced dissolvable silica nanoparticles, the third set of pores having a third controlled pore size, and a fourth set of pores connecting the outer rims of the third set of pores, the fourth set of pores having a fourth controlled pore size, and a second polymer matrix supporting the third set of pores, wherein the second polymer matrix comprises a polyethersulfone polymer, and wherein the third controlled pore size is greater than the fourth controlled pore size;
wherein the first layer and the third layer each have a void volume fraction of about 66% to 74%.
2. The composite membrane of claim 1 , wherein the second porous bulk comprising a fibrous matrix comprises a woven fabric.
3. The composite membrane of claim 1 , wherein the second porous bulk comprising a fibrous matrix comprises a non-woven fabric.
4. The composite membrane of claim 1 , wherein, when filtering a fluid, the fluid passes through the first layer before passing through the second layer.
5. The composite membrane of claim 1 , wherein, when filtering a fluid, the fluid passes through the second layer before passing through the first layer.
6. The composite membrane of claim 1 , further comprising
(D) an additional layer having
(i) an additional layer first porous surface;
(ii) an additional layer second porous surface; and,
(iii) a fourth porous bulk between the additional layer first porous surface and the additional layer second porous surface, wherein the fourth porous bulk comprises a fibrous matrix;
or
(iv) an additional layer first microporous surface;
(v) an additional layer second microporous surface; and,
(vi) a fifth porous bulk between the additional layer first microporous surface and the additional layer second microporous surface, wherein the fifth porous bulk comprises:
(a) a fifth set of hexagonally packed pores having outer rims, prepared by removing introduced dissolvable silica nanoparticles, the fifth set of pores having a fifth controlled pore size, and a sixth set of pores connecting the outer rims of the fifth set of pores, the sixth set of pores having a sixth controlled pore size, and a third polymer matrix supporting the fifth set of pores, wherein the third polymer matrix comprises a polyethersulfone polymer, and wherein the fifth controlled pore size is greater than the sixth controlled pore size; or,
(b) a fifth set of pores prepared by phase inversion, the fifth set of pores having a fifth controlled pore size; or
(c) a fifth set of pores prepared by stretching or track etching or e-beam, the fifth set of pores having a fifth controlled pore size.
7. The composite membrane of claim 1 , wherein the third layer is interposed between the first layer and the second layer.
8. The composite membrane of claim 2 , wherein the first layer contacts the second layer.
9. The composite membrane of claim 3 , wherein the first layer contacts the second layer.