In-containment spent fuel storage to limit spent fuel pool water makeup
A method and apparatus for extending the period a nuclear steam supply system spent fuel pool can be safely passively cooled by storing the spent fuel offloaded from the reactor, in the containment for one reactor operating cycle. During a refueling the spent fuel that is not to be returned to the reactor and the spent fuel that will be returned to the reactor are stored separately in shielded locations within the containment. After one operating cycle, the spent fuel stored within the containment that was not returned to the reactor just prior to the last operating cycle, is offloaded to the spent fuel pool and replaced by the newly offloaded spent fuel that is being retired.
1. A nuclear steam supply system having a nuclear reactor primary coolant loop enclosed within a hermetically sealed containment, the containment comprising:
a nuclear reactor vessel for supporting and housing a plurality of nuclear fuel assemblies within a core, the nuclear reactor vessel being supported within the containment as part of the nuclear reactor primary coolant loop;
a refueling cavity extending above the nuclear reactor vessel within the containment;
an in-containment refueling coolant storage tank supported within the containment outside the refueling cavity, at an elevation above the core for, upon command, flooding at least a portion of the refueling cavity with a refueling coolant in furtherance of refueling the reactor vessel, the in-containment refueling coolant storage tank having a full level substantially at which a volume of the refueling coolant is maintained during normal reactor operation; and
an irradiated nuclear fuel assembly storage tank supported within the containment below a portion of the refueling cavity, the irradiated nuclear fuel assembly storage tank is configured with a plurality of fuel assembly storage racks for storing irradiated nuclear fuel within the containment outside the core when the reactor vessel is in operation and the refueling cavity is drained, and the irradiated nuclear fuel assembly storage tank is configured to selectively place a nuclear fuel assembly storage tank coolant conduit connected to the irradiated nuclear fuel assembly storage tank in fluid communication with the in-containment refueling coolant storage tank or the refueling cavity; and,
a portable lower reactor internals storage stand configured to fit on a lid of the irradiated nuclear fuel assembly storage tank when the lid is closed, for storing the reactor lower internals when they are removed from the nuclear reactor vessel and configured to be removed from the lid when access is needed to an interior of the irradiated nuclear fuel assembly storage tank to store nuclear fuel.
2. The nuclear steam supply system of claim 1 wherein the irradiated nuclear fuel assembly storage tank includes a lid for covering and sealing an access opening in the top of the irradiated nuclear fuel assembly storage tank wherein the lid is coupled to a wall of the irradiated nuclear fuel assembly storage tank through a hinge that is configured to swing the lid out of the way of the access opening when in a fully open position, to load or unload a nuclear fuel assembly into or out of an interior of the irradiated nuclear fuel assembly storage tank.
3. The nuclear steam supply system of claim 1 wherein the irradiated nuclear fuel assembly storage tank includes a long-term nuclear fuel assembly storage tank and short-term nuclear fuel assembly storage tank that are each configured to separately store fuel assemblies.
4. The nuclear steam supply system of claim 3 wherein the long-term nuclear fuel assembly storage tank has an interior including the plurality of fuel assembly racks that are accessed through a first access opening sealed by a removable first lid and the short-term nuclear fuel assembly storage tank has an interior including a plurality of fuel assembly racks that are respectively accessed through corresponding individual fuel assembly rack opening lids that are supported within a second access opening in the short-term nuclear fuel assembly storage tank, each of the fuel assembly rack opening lids covering a corresponding opening in the plurality of fuel assembly racks in a closed position and providing access to the corresponding opening in an open position.
5. The nuclear steam supply system of claim 4 wherein the second access opening includes a second lid that seals the second access opening wherein the second lid seats above the individual fuel assembly rack opening lids.
6. The nuclear steam supply system of claim 3 wherein the long-term nuclear fuel assembly storage tank is a cylindrical tank.