Battery management system and method for charging lithium-ion battery cells in an information handling system
View Patent ↗A computer-implemented method enables capacity based pre-charging and age based permanent failure detection in a battery. The method comprises detecting, via a controller, a real time cell voltage for at least one cell in the battery. The controller determines if the real time cell voltage is less than a normal operating cell voltage. In response to the real time cell voltage being less than the normal operating cell voltage, a capacity based pre-charge value is calculated based on a full charge capacity and at least one cell parameter of the cell. A pre-charge time is calculated based on the capacity based pre-charge value. A pre-charge voltage is identified. The battery management controller is triggered to pre-charge the battery using the calculated pre-charge time and the identified pre-charge voltage.
1. A computer implemented method to enable capacity-based pre-charging of a battery having at least one cell, the method comprising:
detecting, via a controller, a real time cell voltage for the at least one cell in the battery;
determining if the real time cell voltage is less than a normal operating cell voltage;
in response to the real time cell voltage being less than the normal operating cell voltage, calculating a capacity-based pre-charge value based on a full charge capacity and at least one cell parameter of the cell;
calculating a pre-charge time based at least partially on the capacity-based pre-charge value;
identifying a pre-charge voltage; and
triggering the controller to pre-charge the battery using the calculated pre-charge time and the identified pre-charge voltage.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
the controller starting a timer in response to receipt of the trigger;
monitoring for an expiration of the timer;
in response to the timer expiring, detecting a post-charge cell voltage of the at least one cell;
determining if the post-charge cell voltage is greater than the pre-charge voltage;
in response to the post-charge cell voltage not being greater than the pre-charge voltage of the at least one cell, preventing the battery from being recharged; and
indicating the battery as defective.
3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:
in response to the post-charge cell voltage being greater than the pre-charge voltage, allowing the battery to be recharged.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
retrieving at least one cell parameter from a cell parameter table stored in a persistent storage device.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one cell parameter comprises a cell chemistry correction factor.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
determining a battery age;
calculating a permanent failure cell voltage based on the battery age;
detecting a real time cell voltage for each of the cells in the battery;
determining, for each cell, if the real time cell voltage is less than the permanent failure cell voltage;
in response to the real time cell voltage being less than the permanent failure cell voltage for at least one of the cells, preventing the at least one cell from being recharged; and
indicating the at least one cell as defective.
7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising:
in response to the real time cell voltage being greater than the permanent failure cell voltage for the at least one of the cell, allowing the at least one cell to be recharged.
8. A battery management system for controlling battery operations, the battery management system comprising:
a battery having at least one cell;
a controller coupled to the battery, the controller having firmware executing thereon to enable capacity-based pre-charging of the battery, wherein the firmware configures the controller to:
detect a real time cell voltage for the at least one cell in the battery;
determine if the real time cell voltage is less than a normal operating cell voltage;
in response to the real time cell voltage being less than the normal operating cell voltage, calculate a capacity-based pre-charge value based on a full charge capacity and at least one cell parameter of the cell;
calculate a pre-charge time based at least partially on the capacity-based pre-charge value;
identify a pre-charge voltage; and
trigger the controller to pre-charge the battery using the calculated pre-charge time and the identified pre-charge voltage.
9. The battery management system of claim 8 , wherein the firmware further configures the controller to:
start a timer in response to receipt of the trigger;
monitor for an expiration of the timer;
in response to the timer expiring, detect a post-charge cell voltage of the at least one cell;
determine if the post-charge cell voltage is greater than the pre-charge voltage;
in response to the post-charge cell voltage not being greater than the pre-charge voltage, prevent the battery from being recharged; and
indicate the battery as defective.
10. The battery management system of claim 9 , wherein the firmware further configures the controller to:
in response to the post-charge cell voltage being greater than the pre-charge voltage, allow the battery to be recharged.
11. The battery management system of claim 8 , wherein the firmware further configures the controller to:
retrieve the at least one cell parameter from a cell parameter table stored in a persistent storage device.
12. The battery management system of claim 8 , wherein the at least one cell parameter comprises a cell chemistry correction factor.
13. The battery management system of claim 8 , wherein the firmware further configures the controller to:
determine a battery age;
calculate a permanent failure cell voltage based on the battery age;
detect a real time cell voltage for the at least one cell in the battery;
determine if the real time cell voltage is less than the permanent failure cell voltage;
in response to the real time cell voltage being less than the permanent failure cell voltage, prevent the battery from being recharged; and
indicate the battery as defective.
14. The battery management system of claim 13 , wherein the firmware further configures the controller to:
in response to the real time cell voltage being greater than the permanent failure cell voltage, allowing the battery to be recharged.
15. An information handling system (IHS) comprising:
a battery having at least one cell, the battery operable to supply power to the information handling system;
a processor and a memory coupled to the processor via a system interconnect;
a controller communicatively coupled to the system interconnect and connected to the battery, the controller having firmware executing thereon to enable capacity-based pre-charging of the battery, wherein the firmware configures the controller to:
detect a real time cell voltage for the at least one cell in the battery;
determine if the real time cell voltage is less than a normal operating cell voltage;
in response to the real time cell voltage being less than the normal operating cell voltage, calculate a capacity-based pre-charge value based on a full charge capacity and at least one cell parameter of the cell;
calculate a pre-charge time based at least partially on the capacity-based pre-charge value;
identify a pre-charge voltage; and
trigger the controller to pre-charge the battery using the calculated pre-charge time and the identified pre-charge voltage.
16. The information handling system of claim 15 , wherein the firmware further configures the controller to:
start a timer in response to receipt of the trigger;
monitor for an expiration of the timer;
in response to the timer expiring, detect a post-charge cell voltage of the particular cell;
determine if the post-charge cell voltage is greater than the pre-charge voltage;
in response to the post-charge cell voltage not being greater than the pre-charge voltage, prevent the battery from being recharged; and
indicate the battery as defective.
17. The information handling system of claim 16 , wherein the firmware further configures the controller to:
in response to the post-charge cell voltage being greater than the pre-charge voltage, allow the battery to be recharged.
18. The information handling system of claim 15 , wherein the firmware further configures the controller to:
retrieve the at least one cell parameter from a cell parameter table stored in a persistent storage device.
19. The information handling system of claim 15 , wherein the least one cell parameter comprises a cell chemistry correction factor.
20. The information handling system of claim 15 , wherein the firmware further configures the controller to:
determine a battery age;
calculate a permanent failure cell voltage based on the battery age;
detect a real time cell voltage for the at least one cell in the battery;
determine if the real time cell voltage is less than the permanent failure cell voltage;
in response to the real time cell voltage being less than the permanent failure cell voltage, prevent the battery from being recharged; and
indicate the battery as defective.
21. The information handling system of claim 20 , wherein the firmware further configures the controller to:
in response to the real time cell voltage being greater than the permanent failure cell voltage, allowing the battery to be recharged.